Resolution CM/ResDH(2019)51
Execution of the judgments and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights
205 judgments and 69 decision concerning the actions of the Turkish security forces (Aksoy group)
(Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 14 March 2019
at the 1340th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies)
The Committee of Ministers, under the terms of Article 46, paragraph 2, of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which provides that the Committee supervises the execution of final judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter “the Convention” and “the Court”),
Having regard to the 205 final judgments against Turkey listed in the Appendix hereto, transmitted by the Court to the Committee, in which the Court found that there had been numerous violations of the Convention mainly on account of:
- the unlawful killing of the applicants’ next-of-kin by members of the security forces;
- the failure to protect the right to life of the applicants’ next-of-kin;
- ill-treatment;
- destruction of property; and
- the lack of effective domestic remedies for the applicants’ complaints;
Bearing in mind that 69 cases involving similar complaints have been struck out of list by the Court following the conclusion of friendly settlements or other solutions found, in particular on the basis of the respondent Government’s undertaking to take remedial measures (see Appendix);
Recalling the respondent State’s obligation, under Article 46, paragraph 1 of the Convention, to abide by all final judgments in cases to which it has been a party and that this obligation entails, over and above the payment of any sums awarded by the Court, the adoption by the authorities of the respondent State, where required:
- of individual measures to put an end to violations established and erase their consequences so as to achieve as far as possible restitutio in integrum; and
- of general measures preventing similar violations;
Noting that the violations in these cases mainly took place against the background of the fight against terrorism, under the state of emergency between 1987 and 2002;
Recalling, however, that each contracting State, in combatting terrorism, must act in full respect of its obligations under the Convention, as set out in the Court’s judgments and developed in the Guidelines of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on Human Rights and the Fight against Terrorism;
Recalling furthermore that, in view of the important shortcomings in the regulatory framework such as the shortness of the relevant prescription periods which prevented the public prosecutors to carry out effective criminal investigations into the actions of the security forces during this period, the issue of individual measures had largely to be integrated by the Committee into that of the general measures necessary to allow for effective investigations;
Recalling further the Committee’s continuing follow-up of the progress achieved by Turkey in adopting the necessary measures, presented notably in its Interim Resolutions IntResDH(99)434 of 9 June 1999, IntResDH(2002)98 of 10 July 2002, ResDH(2005)43 of 7 June 2005 and CM/ResDH(2008)69 of 18 September 2008;
Welcoming the extensive general measures adopted (see DH-DD(2019)155), including:
- the giving of direct effect to the Convention requirements;
- the introduction of the right of individual application to the Constitutional Court;
- the removal of any prescription period or requirement for administrative authorisation for investigations and prosecutions of crimes of torture and ill-treatment;
- the improvement of procedural safeguards in police custody, , including the right to access to a lawyer;
- the alignment of the detention periods and regulations with the Convention standards;
- the prompt and efficient implementation of the “Law on Compensation of the Losses Resulting from Terrorism and from the Measures taken against Terrorists”;
- the improvement of professional training for members of the security forces;
- the training of judges and prosecutors;
Recalling also that the Committee continues to supervise the execution of general measures related to the accountability of members of the security forces, in particular, in the Bati and Others group of cases, the need for administrative authorisation to prosecute certain crimes other than torture and ill-treatment; and, in the Kasa and Erdoğan and Others groups, the remaining issues concerning the overall conduct of police and gendarmerie operations;
Noting that the closure of the present group of cases does not in any way prejudge the Committee’s evaluation of the general measures in the above three groups;
Recalling, finally, that as regards remaining aspects of individual measures, the criminal proceedings in 13 cases are pending before the judicial authorities (namely, E.O. (28497/95), Anter and Others (55983/00), Zengin (46928/99), Nesibe Haran (28299/95), Seyhan (33384/96), Ahmet Özkan and Others (21689/93), Belkıza Kaya and Others (33420/96), Mahmut Kaya (22535/93), Ekrem (75632/01), Wolf-Sorg (6458/03), Özgen and Others (38607/97), Akdeniz and Others (23954/94), İpek (25760/94)) and that the Committee will continue to examine these cases in a separate group (Mahmut Kaya);
Having satisfied itself that the general measures required by Article 46, paragraph 1, have been adopted,
DECLARES that it has exercised its functions under Article 46, paragraph 2, of the Convention in the cases listed in appendix, and
DECIDES to close the examination thereof.
Appendix
Application
Case
Judgment of
Final on
30015/96
A. AND OTHERS
27/07/2004
27/10/2004
38418/97
A.K. AND V.K.
30/11/2004
28/02/2005
36088/97+
ACAR AND OTHERS
24/05/2005
12/10/2005
30742/03
ACAR SEYFETTIN AND OTHERS
06/10/2009
06/01/2010
26307/95
ACAR TAHSIN
08/04/2004
Grand Chamber
25165/94
AKDENIZ
31/05/2005
31/08/2005
7050/05
ACIS
01/02/2011
01/05/2011
22947/93+
AKKOÇ NEBAHAT
10/10/2000
10/10/2000
21894/93
AKKUM AND OTHERS
24/03/2005
24/06/2005
56760/00
AKPINAR AND ALTUN
27/02/2007
27/05/2007
24351/94
AKTAŞ
24/04/2003
24/04/2003
63758/00
ANIK AND OTHERS
05/06/2007
05/09/2007
30949/96
ATEŞ YASIN
31/05/2005
31/08/2005
25657/94
AVŞAR
10/07/2001
27/03/2002
41964/98
AYAN CENNET AND MEHMET SALIH AYAN
27/06/2006
11/12/2006
25660/94
AYDIN SÜHEYLA
24/05/2005
24/08/2005
44936/04
BABAT AND OTHERS
12/01/2010
12/04/2010
10036/03
BEKTAŞ AND ÖZALP
20/04/2010
20/07/2010
25659/94
BILGIN IRFAN
17/07/2001
17/10/2001
45403/99
BIŞKIN
10/01/2006
10/04/2006
28298/95
BULDAN
20/04/2004
10/11/2004
23657/94
ÇAKICI
08/07/19999
08/07/1999
39436/98
CANAN
26/06/2007
26/09/2007
54182/00
ÇELEBI HALIT
02/05/2006
23/10/2006
27693/95
ÇELIKBILEK
31/05/2005
31/08/2005
25704/94
ÇIÇEK
27/02/2001
05/09/2001
41335/98
DEMIR KAMER AND OTHERS
19/10/2006
19/01/2007
27308/95
DEMIRAY
21/11/2000
04/04/2001
68188/01
DIRIL
19/10/2006
19/01/2007
26972/95
DÜNDAR
20/09/2005
20/12/2005
27602/95
EKINCI ÜLKÜ
16/07/2002
16/10/2002
57049/00
ERDOĞAN YÜKSEL AND OTHERS
15/02/2007
15/05/2007
57778/00
EREN AYDIN AND OTHERS
21/02/2006
21/05/2006
23818/94
ERGI
28/07/1998
28/07/1998
28637/95
ERKEK
13/07/2004
13/10/2004
20764/92
ERTAK ISMAIL
09/05/2000
09/05/2000
34594/97
GEZICI
17/03/2005
17/06/2005
22676/93
GÜL MEHMET
14/12/2000
14/12/2000
21593/93
GÜLEÇ
27/07/1998
27/07/1998
28226/02
GÜLEN
14/10/2008
14/01/2009
16275/02
GÜLŞENOĞLU
29/11/2007
29/02/2008
51210/99
GÜNAY NEHYET AND OTHERS
21/10/2008
21/01/2009
26144/95
İKINCISOY A. AND H.
27/07/2004
15/12/2004
35838/97
KAÇAR FATMA
15/07/2005
15/10/2005
32444/96
KANLIBAŞ
08/12/2005
08/03/2006
36749/97
KAPLAN AND OTHERS
13/09/2005
13/12/2005
23872/04
KARABULUT
27/05/2010
27/08/2010
45784/99
KARABULUT SULTAN
19/09/2006
19/12/2006
53489/99
KAVAK
06/07/2006
06/10/2006
4451/02
KAYA AND OTHERS
24/10/2006
24/01/2007
22729/93
KAYA MEHMET
19/02/1998
19/02/1998
47544/99
KAYA SARA AND OTHERS
02/10/2007
02/01/2008
22492/93
KILIÇ
28/03/2000
28/03/2000
27306/95
KIŞMIR
31/05/2005
31/08/2005
27305/95
KOKU
31/05/2005
31/08/2005
63353/00
KÜÇÜK AND OTHERS
14/10/2008
14/01/2009
43443/98
MANSUROĞLU
26/02/2008
26/05/2008
36217/97
MENTEŞE AND OTHERS
18/01/2005
18/04/2005
49160/99
MORDENIZ
10/01/2006
10/04/2006
21594/93
OĞUR
20/05/1999
Grand Chamber
31889/96
ORAK ABDURRAHMAN
14/02/2002
14/05/2002
25656/94
ORHAN SALIH
18/06/2002
06/11/2002
48804/99
OSMANOĞLU
24/01/2008
24/04/2008
22746/03
ÖLMEZ AND OTHERS
09/11/2010
09/02/2011
32457/96
ÖZALP AND OTHERS
08/04/2004
08/07/2004
18893/05
ÖZCAN AND OTHERS
20/04/2010
20/07/2010
54169/00
ÖZDEMIR ENZILE
08/01/2008
08/04/2008
50739/99
PERK AND OTHERS
28/03/2006
28/06/2006
21986/93
SALMAN
27/06/2000
Grand Chamber
24490/94
ŞARLI
22/05/2001
22/05/2001
52390/99
ŞEKER
21/02/2006
21/05/2006
22876/93
ŞEMSE ÖNEN
26/01/2002
14/05/2002
25354/94
ŞEN NURAY No. 2
30/03/2004
30/06/2004
35875/97
ŞIRIN YILMAZ MEHMET
29/07/2004
29/10/2004
65899/01
TANIŞ AND OTHERS
02/08/2005
30/11/2005
26129/95
TANLI
10/04/2001
10/07/2001
23763/94
TANRIKULU
08/07/1999
08/07/1999
24396/94
TAŞ BEŞIR
14/11/2000
14/11/2000
27699/95
TEKDAĞ
15/01/2004
14/06/2004
27244/95
TEPE ISAK
09/05/2003
19/08/2003
23531/94
TIMURTAŞ
13/06/2000
13/06/2000
27601/95
TOĞCU
31/05/2005
31/08/2005
34506/97
TÜRKOĞLU
17/03/2005
17/06/2005
75527/01+
ÜÇAK AND OTHERS
26/04/2007
24/09/2007
57084/00
USTA AND OTHERS
21/02/2008
07/07/2008
37410/97
UZUN KAMIL
10/05/2007
24/09/2007
22495/93
YAŞA
02/09/1998
02/09/1998
48884/99
YAZICI
05/12/2006
05/03/2007
29109/03
YILDIRIM CESIM AND OTHERS
17/06/2008
17/09/2008
40074/98
YILDIRIM FEYZI
19/07/2007
19/10/2007
56154/00
YILDIRIM SELIM AND OTHERS
19/10/2006
19/01/2007
21987/93
AKSOY
18/12/1996
18/12/1996
46747/99
AKDOĞDU
18/10/2005
12/04/2006
47938/99
AKKURT
04/05/2006
04/07/2006
32574/96
ALGÜR
22/10/2002
22/01/2003
22279/93
ALTAY
22/05/2001
22/05/2001
10309/03
ARAT
10/11/2009
10/02/2010
56003/00
ASAN AND OTHERS
31/07/2007
31/10/2007
26625/04
AŞICI
16/03/2010
16/06/2010
19735/02
ATICI
10/05/2007
12/11/2007
43529/04
ATLI
26/01/2010
26/04/2010
44132/98
AYAZ
08/01/2008
08/04/2008
23178/94
AYDIN
25/09/1997
25/09/1997
32572/96+
AYDIN AND YUNUS
22/06/2004
22/09/2004
39812/98
BAKBAK
01/07/2004
01/10/2004
50988/99
BALTAŞ
20/09/2005
20/12/2005
22493/93
BERKTAY
01/03/2001
01/06/2001
27849/03
BEYAZGÜL
22/09/2009
01/03/2010
34482/97
BILEN
21/02/2006
21/05/2006
77092/01
BULUT NECDET
20/11/2007
20/02/2008
28340/95
BÜYÜKDAĞ
21/12/2000
21/03/2001
52165/99
ÇALIŞIR
21/02/2006
21/05/2006
40516/98
ÇALIŞKAN FAHRIYE
02/10/2007
02/01/2008
28039/95
CANGÖZ
04/10/2005
04/01/2006
44093/98
ÇELIK AND İMRET
26/10/2004
26/01/2005
39326/02
ÇELIK No. 2
27/05/2010
27/08/2010
30068/02
ÇETKIN
19/01/2010
19/04/2010
14166/02
CEYLAN ESER
13/12/2007
13/03/2008
39449/98
ÇIFTÇI EVRIM No. 2
26/04/2007
26/07/2007
32578/96+
ÇOLAK AND FILIZER
08/01/2004
08/04/2004
38585/97
DALAN
07/06/2005
07/09/2005
48581/99
DEMIREL KEKIL
11/04/2006
11/07/2006
20869/92
DIKME
11/07/2000
11/07/2000
68351/01
DIRI
31/07/2007
31/10/2007
27309/95
DIZMAN
20/09/2005
20/12/2005
50125/99
DOĞANAY
21/02/2006
21/05/2006
9908/03
DÖNMÜŞ AND KAPLAN
31/01/2008
30/04/2008
23145/93+
ELÇI AND OTHERS
13/11/2003
24/03/2004
32347/02
EREN MEHMET
14/10/2008
14/01/2009
26803/02
ERKAN SÜLEYMAN
31/01/2008
30/04/2008
29484/95
ESEN
22/07/2003
22/10/2003
49391/99
GÜLER IRFAN
10/01/2006
10/04/2006
29/02
GÜNDOĞAN KAZIM
30/01/2007
30/04/2007
68694/01
GÜVEN AND OTHERS
12/04/2007
12/07/2007
28923/02
GÜVERCIN
02/02/2010
02/05/2010
71908/01
GÜZEL (ZEYBEK)
05/12/2006
05/03/2007
30304/02
HALİS AKIN
13/01/2009
13/04/2009
57171/00
HAZIRCI AND OTHERS
29/11/2007
07/07/2008
22277/93
ILHAN NASIR
27/06/2000
27/06/2000
71795/01
K.Ö
11/12/2007
02/06/2008
39857/03
KAHRAMAN KEMAL
22/07/2008
22/10/2008
69988/01
KARAKAŞ HÜSEYIN No. 2
22/06/2006
22/09/2006
20502/05
KARATEPE UMAR
12/10/2010
12/01/2011
63181/00
KARAYIĞIT
20/09/2005
20/12/2005
35044/97
KILIÇ HASAN
28/06/2005
28/09/2005
29098/03
KIZIL
17/07/2008
17/10/2008
18207/03
KOÇ NEVRUZ
12/06/2007
12/09/2007
32581/96
KOÇAK
03/05/2007
03/08/2007
45742/99
KÖYLÜOĞLU
22/06/2006
22/09/2006
24276/94
KURT
25/05/1998
25/05/1998
56365/00
KURT CAFER
24/07/2007
24/10/2007
12101/03
KURT DURMUŞ AND OTHERS
31/05/2007
31/08/2007
30465/02
METE AHMET No. 2
12/12/2006
23/05/2007
39464/98
ÖLMEZ
20/02/2007
20/05/2007
31553/02
ONAY
20/09/2007
20/12/2007
28520/95
ÖNDER SADIK
08/01/2004
08/04/2004
73792/01
ÖNER SULTAN AND OTHERS
17/10/2006
17/01/2007
16816/03
ÖZEL MECAIL
14/04/2009
14/07/2009
54430/00
S.B. AND H.T.
05/07/2005
05/10/2005
7928/02
ŞAHIN MUHAMMET
25/09/2007
25/12/2007
31866/96
SATIK AND OTHERS
10/10/2000
10/01/2001
57916/00
SAYGILI
04/05/2006
04/08/2006
5047/02
SELVI
09/12/2008
09/03/2009
11261/03
SONKAYA
12/02/2008
12/05/2008
43504/04
SULTAN ONER
14/12/2010
14/03/2011
22496/93
TEKIN
09/06/1998
09/06/1998
29422/95
TEPE AYŞE
22/07/2003
22/10/2003
31247/96
TEPE TALAT
21/12/2004
21/03/2005
29100/03
TIMUR
26/06/2007
26/09/2007
30494/96
TUNCER AND DURMUŞ
02/11/2004
02/02/2005
879/02
TURAN DEVRIM
02/03/2006
02/06/2006
28234/06
UGUR AND ABI
21/06/2011
21/09/2011
33168/03
USLU
12/04/2007
12/07/2007
11068/04
UYANIK ÖZGÜR
23/03/2010
23/06/2010
32357/96
VEZNEDAROĞLU SEVTAP
11/04/2000
18/10/2000
27473/02
YAĞIZ ERDOĞAN
06/03/2007
06/06/2007
67137/01
YAVUZ
10/01/2006
10/04/2006
69912/01
YAVUZ NAZIF
12/01/2006
12/04/2006
29485/95
YAZ
22/07/2003
22/10/2003
31950/05
YILDIRIM GÖKHAN
23/02/2010
04/10/2010
61898/00
YILDIZ EMIRHAN AND OTHERS
05/12/2006
05/03/2007
58030/00
YILMAZ DILEK
31/10/2006
31/01/2007
6686/03
YÜCEL No. 1
08/04/2008
08/07/2008
40154/98
YÜKSEL MEHMET EMIN
20/07/2004
20/10/2004
33240/96
AĞTAŞ
02/02/2006
03/07/2006
21893/93
AKDIVAR, ÇIÇEK, AKTAŞ, KARABULUT
16/09/1996
16/09/1996
37850/97
HALIS AKSAKAL
15/02/2007
09/07/2007
24561/94
ALTUN
01/06/2004
01/09/2004
33239/96
ARTUN AND OTHERS
02/02/2006
03/07/2006
23656/94
AYDER AND OTHERS
08/01/2004
08/01/2004
23819/94
BILGIN İHSAN
16/11/2000
16/11/2000
25801/94
DULAŞ ZUBEYDE
30/01/2001
30/01/2001
22494/93
İLHAN HASAN
09/11/2004
09/02/2005
33238/96+
KESER AND OTHERS
02/02/2006
03/07/2006
37038/97
KURT NURI
29/11/2005
01/03/2006
23186/94
MENTEŞ, TURHALLI M. AND S, AND UVAT
28/11/1997
28/11/1997
33247/96
ÖZTOPRAK AND OTHERS
02/02/2006
03/07/2006
33243/96
ŞAYLI
02/02/2006
03/07/2006
23184/94
SELÇUK AND ASKER
24/04/1998
24/04/1998
26973/95
YÖYLER
24/07/2003
24/10/2003
36211/97
YILMAZ KUMRI AND OTHERS
02/02/2006
03/07/2006
22677/93
ÇETIN
26/11/1996
26/11/1996
42596/98+
SARI AND ÇOLAK
04/04/2006
04/07/2006
52392/99
UÇAR
11/04/2006
11/07/2006
23179/94+
YILMAZ, OVAT, ŞAHIN AND DÜNDAR
9/09/1997[1]
-
24940/94
ACAR
18/12/2001
Friendly settlement
31137/96
ADALI
12/12/2002
Friendly settlement
32598/96
AKBAY
04/10/2001
Friendly settlement
37453/97
AKMAN
25/10/2001
26/10/2011 - Striking-out
28292/95
ATEŞ
22/04/2003
Friendly settlement
24935/94
AVCI
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
28293/95
AYDIN K., C. AYDIN AND S. AYDIN AND OTHERS
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
29289/95
AYDIN MEHMET
16/07/2002
Friendly settlement
29875/96
BAŞAK AND OTHERS
16/10/2003
Friendly settlement
24922/94
BINBAY YAVUZ
21/10/2004
Friendly settlement
24946/94
BOĞ
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
24938/94
BOĞA
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
35851/97
BOZKURT
31/03/2005
Friendly settlement
40299/98
BOZTAŞ AND OTHERS
09/03/2004
Friendly settlement
41993/98
ÇELIK AND ÇELIK
27/07/2004
Friendly settlement
24934/94
DEĞER
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
22280/93
DEMIR MAHMUT
05/12/2002
Friendly settlement
24990/94
DEMIR
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
31845/96
DILEK KEMAL
17/06/2003
Friendly settlement
24939/94
DOĞAN
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
32270/96
DOĞAN ÜLKÜ AND OTHERS
19/06/2003
Friendly settlement
30492/96
ERAT AND SAĞLAM
26/03/2002
Friendly settlement
31246/96
ERCAN
25/09/2001
Friendly settlement
26337/95
ERDOĞAN MAHMUT
20/06/2002
Friendly settlement
42428/98
EREN AND OTHERS
02/10/2003
Friendly settlement
46649/99
GÜLER AND OTHERS
22/04/2003
Friendly settlement
24945/94
GÜNGÜ KEMAL
18/12/2001
Friendly settlement
29864/96
H.K. AND OTHERS
14/01/2003
Friendly settlement
25754/94
HARAN
26/03/2002
15/12/2004 - Striking-out
30953/96
I.I., I.S., K.E., AND A.O.
06/11/2001
Friendly settlement
24849/94+
KALIN, GEZER AND ÖTEBAY
28/10/2003
Friendly settlement
38578/97
KAPLAN SÜLEYMAN
10/10/2002
Friendly settlement
37446/97
KARA AND OTHERS
25/11/2003
Friendly settlement
38588/97
KEÇECI
26/11/2002
Friendly settlement
42591/98
KILIÇ ÖZGÜR
22/07/2003
Friendly settlement
31890/96
KINAY M. AND KINAY R.
26/11/2002
Friendly settlement
24944/94
KIZILGEDIK
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
28516/95
MACIR
22/04/2003
Friendly settlement
42593/98
MEMIŞ
21/02/2006
Friendly settlement
28504/95
MERINÇ
17/06/2003
Friendly settlement
33234/96
N.Ö
17/10/2002
Friendly settlement
31865/96
O.O. AND S.M
29/04/2003
Friendly settlement
39978/98
OĞRAŞ AND OTHERS
28/10/2003
Friendly settlement
31136/96
ÖNDER YALÇIN
25/07/2002
Friendly settlement
24936/94
ORAK ADNAN
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
27735/95
ORAL AND OTHERS
28/03/2002
Friendly settlement
41306/98
ÖRNEK AND EREN
15/07/2004
Friendly settlement
31883/96
ÖZBEY
31/01/2002
Friendly settlement
29856/96
ÖZCAN MEHMET
09/04/2002
Friendly settlement
37088/97
ÖZKUR AND GÖKSUNGUR
04/03/2003
Friendly settlement
24942/94
PARLAK, AKTÜRK AND TAY
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
37415/97
ŞAHMO
22/06/2004
Friendly settlement
29359/95
SAKI
30/10/2001
Friendly settlement
41926/98
SARI RAMAZAN
31/07/2003
Friendly settlement
31154/96
ŞEN FILIYET
12/12/2002
Friendly settlement
24991/94
ŞENSES
10/07/2001
Friendly settlement
31153/96
SOĞUKPINAR
12/12/2002
Friendly settlement
28632/95
SÜNNETÇI
22/07/2003
Friendly settlement
37047/97
TEMEL
13/07/2004
Friendly settlement
38382/97
TOKTAŞ
29/07/2003
Friendly settlement
31731/96
TOSUN HANIM
06/11/2003
Friendly settlement
36189/97
YAKAR
26/11/2002
Friendly settlement
31152/96
YALÇIN ŞAZIMENT
12/12/2002
Friendly settlement
37049/97
YAMAN MEHMET
22/05/2003
Friendly settlement
22281/93
YAŞA SIDDIK
27/06/2002
Friendly settlement
32979/96
YILDIZ ÖZGÜR
16/07/2002
Friendly settlement
28308/95
YILDIZ ZEKI
22/04/2003
Friendly settlement
31730/96
YURTSEVEN AND OTHERS
18/12/2003
Friendly settlement
27532/95
Z.Y.
09/04/2002
Friendly settlement
[1] Report of the former European Commission on Human Rights.
Full & Egal Universal Law Academy