FIFTH SECTION
CASE OF LATYUK AND OTHERS v. UKRAINE
(Applications nos. 23548/20 and 6 others –
see appended list)
JUDGMENT
STRASBOURG
27 October 2022
This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.
In the case of Latyuk and Others v. Ukraine,
The European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Stéphanie Mourou-Vikström, President,
Ivana Jelić,
Kateřina Šimáčková, judges,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 6 October 2022,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1. The case originated in applications against Ukraine lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.
2. The Ukrainian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications.
THE FACTS
3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.
4. The applicants complained of the excessive length of civil proceedings and of the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law.
THE LAW
JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.
ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 § 1 AND ARTICLE 13 OF THE CONVENTION6. The applicants complained that the length of the civil proceedings in question had been incompatible with the “reasonable time” requirement and that they had no effective remedy in this connection. They relied on Article 6 § 1 and Article 13 of the Convention, which read as follows:
Article 6 § 1
“In the determination of his civil rights and obligations ... everyone is entitled to a ... hearing within a reasonable time by [a] ... tribunal ...”
Article 13
“Everyone whose rights and freedoms as set forth in [the] Convention are violated shall have an effective remedy before a national authority notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity.”
7. The Court reiterates that the reasonableness of the length of proceedings must be assessed in the light of the circumstances of the case and with reference to the following criteria: the complexity of the case, the conduct of the applicants and the relevant authorities and what was at stake for the applicants in the dispute (see Frydlender v. France [GC], no. 30979/96, § 43, ECHR 2000-VII).
8. In the leading case of Karnaushenko v. Ukraine, no. 23853/02, 30 November 2006, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case.
9. Having examined all the material submitted to it, and having also reiterated the decision of the President of the Court in 2020 introducing the three-month extension of the six-month time-limit for lodging an application, as a consequence of the lockdown imposed in France on account of the COVID‑19 pandemic (see Saakashvili v. Georgia (dec.), nos. 6232/20 and 22394/20, §§ 46-59, 1 March 2022), the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of justifying the overall length of the proceedings at the national level. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the length of the proceedings was excessive and failed to meet the “reasonable time” requirement.
10. The Court further notes that the applicants did not have at their disposal an effective remedy in respect of these complaints.
11. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 and of Article 13 of the Convention.
APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION12. Article 41 of the Convention provides:
“If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.”
13. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Karnaushenko, cited above, §§ 70 and 75), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.
14. The Court further considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.
FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
Decides to join the applications; Declares the applications admissible;Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 and Article 13 of the Convention concerning the excessive length of civil proceedings and the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law;Holds(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 27 October 2022, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
Viktoriya Maradudina Stéphanie Mourou-Vikström
Acting Deputy Registrar President
APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Article 6 § 1 and Article 13 of the Convention
(excessive length of civil proceedings and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law)
No.
Application no.
Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth/registration
Representative’s name and location
Start of proceedings
End of proceedings
Total length Levels of jurisdiction
Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage per applicant/household
(in euros)[1]
23548/20
25/05/2020
Petro Yakovych LATYUK
1961
17/11/2006
26/09/2019
12 years and 10 months and 10 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
5,500
38891/20
12/08/2020
Sergiy Georgiyovych MAYSTRUK
1972
24/05/2011
12/02/2020
8 years and 8 months and 20 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
1,800
46587/20
12/10/2020
Oleg Mykhaylovych ZAKHARCHUK
1964
02/03/2011
22/08/2019,
the decision was served on the applicant on 14/05/2020
8 years and 5 months and 21 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
1,200
55492/20
03/12/2020
Galyna Oleksandrivna GORDIYENKO
1960
10/11/2009
13/05/2020
10 years and 6 months and 4 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
3,000
8834/21
31/01/2021
Iryna Anatoliyivna SUPRUN
1965
03/10/2011
06/08/2020
8 years and 10 months and 4 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
1,800
16095/21
09/03/2021
SONAT, PAT
1995
Kushnir Valeriya Dmytrivna
Kyiv
27/05/2013
04/09/2020, the final decision was served on the applicant company on 19/09/2020
7 years and 3 months and 9 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
900
22439/21
13/04/2021
(5 applicants)
Household
Roman Igorovych BARANYAK
1975
Igor Vasylyovych BARANYAK
1941
Dariya Igorivna BUTSA
1979
Vasyl Mykhaylovych BUTSA
1974
Olga Vasylivna BUTSA
2008
28/08/2013
20/01/2021
7 years and 4 months and 24 days
3 levels of jurisdiction
900
[1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.