FIFTH SECTION
CASE OF MYRCHENKO AND OTHERS v. UKRAINE
(Application no. 49256/21 and 8 others –
see appended list)
JUDGMENT
STRASBOURG
20 July 2023
This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.
In the case of Myrchenko and Others v. Ukraine,
The European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Carlo Ranzoni, President,
Lado Chanturia,
María Elósegui, judges,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 29 June 2023,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1. The case originated in applications against Ukraine lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.
2. The Ukrainian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications.
THE FACTS
3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.
4. The applicants complained of the inadequate conditions of their detention and of the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law. In application no. 7268/22 the applicant also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention.
THE LAW
JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.
ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLES 3 AND 13 OF THE CONVENTION6. The applicants complained principally of the inadequate conditions of their detention and that they had no effective remedy in this connection. They relied on Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention.
7. The Court notes that the applicants were kept in detention in poor conditions. The details of the applicants’ detention are indicated in the appended table. The Court refers to the principles established in its case‑law regarding inadequate conditions of detention (see, for instance, Muršić v. Croatia [GC], no. 7334/13, §§ 96‑101, ECHR 2016). It reiterates in particular that a serious lack of space in a prison cell weighs heavily as a factor to be taken into account for the purpose of establishing whether the detention conditions described are “degrading” from the point of view of Article 3 and may disclose a violation, both alone or taken together with other shortcomings (see Muršić, cited above, §§ 122-41, and Ananyev and Others v. Russia, nos. 42525/07 and 60800/08, §§ 149‑59, 10 January 2012).
8. In the leading cases of Melnik v. Ukraine (no. 72286/01, 28 March 2006) and Sukachov v. Ukraine (no. 14057/17, 30 January 2020), the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case.
9. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the applicants’ conditions of detention were inadequate.
10. The Court further notes that the applicants did not have at their disposal an effective remedy in respect of these complaints.
11. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention.
OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW12. In application no. 7268/22 the applicant submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that they also disclose violations of the Convention in the light of its findings in Nechay v. Ukraine (no. 15360/10, 1 July 2021).
APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION13. Article 41 of the Convention provides:
“If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.”
14. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Sukachov, cited above, §§ 165 and 167), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.
FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
Decides to join the applications;Declares the applications admissible;Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention concerning the inadequate conditions of detention and the lack of any effective remedy in domestic law;Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table);Holds(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 20 July 2023, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
Viktoriya Maradudina Carlo Ranzoni
Acting Deputy Registrar President
APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Articles 3 and 13 of the Convention
(inadequate conditions of detention and lack of any effective remedy in domestic law)
No.
Application no.
Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth
Representative’s name and location
Facility
Start and end date
Duration
Sq. m per inmate
Specific grievances
Other complaints under
well-established
case-law
Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant
(in euros)[1]
49256/21
10/09/2021
Kostyantyn Valeriyovych MYRCHENKO
1967
Pustyntsev Andriy Vitaliyovych
Dnipro
Poltava Detention Facility no.23
21/01/2021
to
04/11/2021
9 months and 15 days
1.5 m²
overcrowding, lack of fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or insufficient electric light, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of toiletries, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to warm water, poor quality of food
2,600
51156/21
10/09/2021
Mykola Igorovych SUKHOTYN
1998
Vavrenyuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych
Pyatykhatky
Poltava Detention Facility no. 23.
30/03/2020
to
03/10/2021
1 year and 6 months and 4 days
1.5 m²
overcrowding, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of toiletries, passive smoking, poor quality of food, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of fresh air, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, no or restricted access to shower, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or insufficient electric light
4,100
51162/21
10/09/2021
Volodymyr Semenovych PANASENKO
1978
Pustyntsev Andriy Vitaliyovych
Dnipro
Poltava Detention Facility no. 23
25/12/2018
to
10/08/2021
2 years and 7 months and 17 days
1.5 m²
overcrowding, lack of fresh air, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, poor quality of food, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or insufficient electric light
6,100
51189/21
10/09/2021
Oleksiy Sergiyovych POPOVSKYY
1986
Vavrenyuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych
Pyatykhatky
Poltava Detention Facility no. 23
29/01/2021
to
04/11/2021
9 months and 7 days
1.65 m²
lack of fresh air, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of toiletries, lack of privacy for toilet, mouldy or dirty cell, overcrowding, no or restricted access to warm water, no or restricted access to shower, poor quality of food, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or insufficient electric light, passive smoking
2,600
61757/21
08/12/2021
Dmytro Yuriyovych ALEKSYEYEV
1982
Sosyedko Maksym Oleksandrovych
Kyiv
Dnipro Detention Facility no. 4
30/05/2018
to
14/06/2022
4 years and 16 days
2.7 m²
lack of fresh air, passive smoking, overcrowding, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of privacy for toilet, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of toiletries, poor quality of food, no or restricted access to shower, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or insufficient quantity of food, lack of or insufficient natural light, lack of or insufficient electric light
7,500
7268/22
27/01/2022
Andriy Feliksovych MAZUR
1975
Kushnir Valeriy Volodymyrovych
Dnipro
Kyiv Pre-Trial Detention Facility
26/09/2017
pending
More than 5 years and 8 months and 13 days
2.5-3.7 m²
overcrowding, no or restricted access to shower, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of fresh air, poor quality of potable water, lack of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, no or restricted access to warm water, passive smoking, lack of privacy for toilet
Art. 6 (1) - excessive length of criminal proceedings - from 17/09/2017 - pending, 2 levels of jurisdiction,
Art. 13 - lack of any effective remedy in domestic law in respect of excessive length of criminal proceedings
9,800
8196/22
02/02/2022
Mykhaylo Ivanovych MARTYNENKO
1980
Rybiy Sergiy Mykolayovych
Dnipro
Kryvyy Rig Detention Facility no. 3
27/08/2020
to
17/08/2021
11 months and 22 days
2.9-3.25 m²
lack of fresh air, passive smoking, mouldy or dirty cell, infestation of cell with insects/rodents, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to warm water, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of toiletries, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, poor quality of food, lack of or insufficient quantity of food, no or restricted access to shower, poor quality of potable water, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of or insufficient electric light, lack of or insufficient natural light, overcrowding
3,100
21117/22
12/04/2022
Yevgen Olegovych BOGUN
1985
Kulbach Sergiy Oleksandrovych
Limoges
Dnipro Detention Facility no. 4
27/02/2017
to
24/12/2021
4 years and 9 months and 28 days
< 4 m²
mouldy or dirty cell, lack of fresh air, no or restricted access to potable water, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of toiletries, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, no or restricted access to warm water, no access to laundry facilities, passive smoking, poor quality of food, overcrowding, lack of privacy for toilet
7,500
32306/22
28/06/2022
Denys Ismailovych MAMEDOV
1985
Kulbach Sergiy Oleksandrovych
Limoges
Kyiv Pre-Trial Detention Facility
05/12/2020
to
06/03/2022
1 year and 3 months and 2 days
2.5-2.8 m²
overcrowding, passive smoking, lack of toiletries, mouldy or dirty cell, lack of fresh air, lack of or inadequate hygienic facilities, lack of or insufficient physical exercise in fresh air, lack of or poor quality of bedding and bed linen, lack of privacy for toilet, no or restricted access to shower, no or restricted access to running water, no or restricted access to warm water
3,700
[1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.