Resolution CM/ResDH(2018)356
Execution of the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights
Incal and Gözel and Özer Groups against Turkey
(Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 20 September 2018
at the 1324th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies)
Application
Case
Judgments of
Final on
22678/93
43453/04+
INCAL and GÖZEL AND ÖZER GROUPS (see attached list)
09/06/1998
06/07/2010
09/06/1998
06/10/2010
The Committee of Ministers, under the terms of Article 46, paragraph 2, of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which provides that the Committee supervises the execution of final judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter “the Convention” and “the Court”),
Having regard to the friendly settlement decisions and final judgments transmitted by the Court to the Committee in these cases and to the violations established therein;
Recalling that the violations of the Convention found by the Court in the cases in the appended list primarily concern the right to freedom of expression (Article 10); a number of cases also contained other violations:
- the lack of independence and impartiality of the State Security Courts (violations of Article 6) in the cases of Incal (22678/93), Aydın Abdullah (42435/98), Ayhan No. 1 (45585/99), Bakır (54916/00), Baran (48988/99), Birdal (53047/99), Birdal Akın (47520/99), Ceylan No. 2 (46454/99), Dicle (34685/97), Erbakan (59405/00), Ahmet Ergin No. 1 (48944/99), Ahmet Ergin No. 2 (49566/99), Ahmet Ergin No. 3 (50691/99), Ahmet Ergin No. 4 (63733/99), Ahmet Ergin No. 5 (63925/99), Ergin and Keskin No. 1 (50273/99), Ergin and Keskin No. 2 (63926/00), Ali Erol No. 2 (47796/99), Gümüş and Others (40303/98), Halis (30007/96), Haydar Yıldırım and Others (42920/98), Kalın (31236/96), Kar and Others (58756/00), Seher Karataş (33179/96), Karkın (43928/98), Haydar Kaya (48387/98), Korkmaz No. 1 (40987/98), Korkmaz No. 2 (42589/98), Korkmaz No. 3 (42590/98), Odabaşı (41618/98), Özkaya (42119/98), Pamak (39708/98), Şahin Fikret (42605/98), Sürek and Özdemir (23927/94), Sürek No. 2 (24122/94), Varlı and Others (57299/00), Yarar (57285/00), Yüksel (56362/00) (this issue was examined under the Gençel and Çıraklar groups of cases (see Final Resolutions CM/ResDH(2013)256 and ResDH(99)555));
- failure to communicate to the applicants the prosecutor’s opinion before the Court of Cassation (violations of Article 6) in the cases of Çamyar and Berktaş (41959/02), Çapan (71978/01), Çapan No. 2 (29849/02), Çolak and Kasımoğulları (29969/07), Demirel and Ateş (10037/03), Demirel and Ateş No. 2 (31080/02), Demirel and Ateş No. 3 (11976/03), Halis Doğan No. 2 (71984/01), Falakoğlu (16229/03), Falakoğlu and Saygılı (11461/03), Falakoğlu and Saygılı (22147/02), Gözel and Özer (43453/04), Güzel No. 2 (65849/01), Karakoyun and Turan (18482/03), Özer (35721/04), Erdal Taş No. 3 (17445/02), Erdal Taş No. 4 (29847/02), Yalçıner (64116/00), Yıldız and Taş No. 1 (77641/01), Yıldız and Taş No. 2 (77642/01), Yıldız and Taş No. 3 (477/02), Yıldız and Taş No. 4 (3847/02) (this issue was examined under the Mehmet Göç group of cases (see Final Resolution CM/ResDH(2011)307));
- excessive length of proceedings and lack of an effective remedy in this respect (violation of Article 6) in the cases of Fatih Taş (36635/08), Yavuz and Yaylalı (12606/11) (the proceedings in the two cases were closed as indicated in the Court’s judgments and general measures were adopted in the Ormancı group of cases (see Final Resolution CM/ResDH(2014)298));
- lack of assistance of a lawyer in police custody (this issue was examined under the Salduz group of cases (see Final Resolution CM/ResDH(2018)219));
- inadmissibility of appeal on the ground that level of fine was below statutory minimum for appeal (Article 6) in the cases of Bayar (55060/07) and Özalp (48583/07) (this issue is being examined under Bayar and Gürbüz (37569/06) group of cases);
- incompatibility of the imposition of a prison sentence on the applicant under Article 8 § 2 of Law No. 3713, in its form at the material time, with the principle “nulla poena sine lege” (Article 7) in the case of Ünsal Öztürk (29365/95) (this issue was examined under the case of Başkaya and Okçuoğlu (23536/94) see Final Resolution ResDH(2006)79));
Recalling the respondent State’s obligation, under Article 46, paragraph 1, of the Convention, to abide by all final judgments in cases to which it has been a party and that this obligation entails, over and above the payment of any sums awarded by the Court, the adoption by the authorities of the respondent State, where required:
- of individual measures to put an end to violations established and erase their consequences so as to achieve as far as possible restitutio in integrum; and
- of general measures preventing similar violations;
Recalling that in order to provide the applicants with redress for violations found by the Court, the possibility of obtaining the reopening of judicial proceedings impugned by the Court’s judgments was introduced in 2005, and supplemented in 2012 to fill certain gaps, and was applicable to all cases pending before the Committee for supervision of execution at the time;
Recalling also the existing possibility to obtain the erasure of criminal records following the judgments of the Court;
Having invited the government of the respondent State to inform the Committee of the measures taken to comply with the above-mentioned obligation;
Having examined the action plan and action report provided by the government indicating that individual measures adopted in order to give effect to the judgments (see documents DH-DD(2018)328 and DH-DD(2016)842) including the information provided regarding the payment of the just satisfaction awarded by the Court;
Recalling, finally, that the question of the general measures required in response to the shortcomings found by the Court in the present judgments continues to be examined within the framework of the Bayar, Öner and Türk, Döner and Others and Müdür Duman cases (see the relevant decision taken at the 1324th meeting); and that the closure of the remaining cases therefore in no way prejudges the Committee’s continuing evaluation of the general measures required to prevent unjustified and disproportionate interferences with the right to freedom of expression;
DECLARES that it has exercised its functions under Article 46, paragraph 2, of the Convention in these cases as regards the individual measures and
DECIDES to close the examination thereof.
Appendix
Application
Case
Judgment of
Final on
22678/93
INCAL
09/06/1998
09/06/1998
20863/02
AKTAN
23/09/2008
23/12/2008
14742/10
ALI GÜRBÜZ
13/06/2017
13/06/2017
43217/04
ASLAN AND SEZEN
17/06/2014
17/09/2014
15066/05
ASLAN AND SEZEN (No. 2)
17/06/2014
17/09/2014
42435/98
AYDIN ABDULLAH
09/03/2004
09/06/2004
45585/99
AYHAN No. 1
10/11/2004
06/06/2005
54916/00
BAKIR
25/10/2005
25/01/2006
48988/99
BARAN
10/11/2004
10/02/2005
603/09
BAYAR
24/10/2017
24/10/2017
36827/06+
BELEK
20/11/2012
20/02/2013
1544/07
BELEK AND ÖZKURT
16/07/2013
16/10/2013
44227/04
BELEK AND VELİOĞLU
06/10/2015
06/01/2016
50171/09
BELGE
06/12/2016
06/03/2017
36141/04
BINGÖL
22/06/2010
22/09/2010
53047/99
BIRDAL
02/10/2007
02/01/2008
47520/99
BIRDAL AKIN
13/12/2007
13/3/2008
52056/08
BÜLENT KAYA
22/10/2013
22/01/2014
984/02
BURAN
17/06/2008
17/09/2008
27214/95
C.S.Y.
04/03/2003
04/06/2003
64609/01
ÇAMLIBEL
22/12/2005
22/03/2006
41959/02
CAMYAR AND BERKTAS
15/02/2011
15/05/2011
71978/01
ÇAPAN
25/07/2006
25/10/2006
29849/02
ÇAPAN No. 2
26/04/2007
26/07/2007
57103/00
ÇETIN AND ŞAKAR
20/09/2007
20/12/2007
42779/98
ÇETIN VEDAT
20/12/2005
20/03/2006
23556/94
CEYLAN
08/07/1999
08/07/1999
46454/99
CEYLAN No. 2
11/10/2005
11/01/2006
29969/07
ÇOLAK AND KASIMOĞULLARI
13/06/2017
13/06/2017
10037/03+
DEMIREL AND ATEŞ
12/04/2007
12/07/2007
11976/03
DEMIREL AND ATEŞ No. 3
09/12/2008
09/03/2009
31080/02
DEMIREL AND ATEŞ No.2
29/11/2007
29/02/2008
34685/97
DICLE
10/11/2004
10/02/2005
46733/99
DICLE No. 2
11/04/2006
11/07/2006
71984/01
DOĞAN HALIS No. 2
25/07/2006
25/10/2006
59405/00
ERBAKAN
06/07/2006
06/10/2006
48944/99
ERGIN AHMET No. 1
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
49566/99
ERGIN AHMET No. 2
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
50691/99
ERGIN AHMET No. 3
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
63733/00
ERGIN AHMET No. 4
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
63925/00
ERGIN AHMET No. 5
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
50273/99
ERGIN AND KESKIN No. 1
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
63926/00
ERGIN AND KESKIN No. 2
16/06/2005
16/09/2005
47796/99
EROL ALI No. 2
27/10/2005
27/01/2006
77365/01
FALAKAOĞLU
26/04/2005
26/07/2005
16229/03
FALAKOĞLU
23/01/2007
23/04/2007
22147/02+
FALAKOĞLU AND SAYGILI
23/012007
23/04/2007
11461/03
FALAKOĞLU AND SAYGILI
19/12/2006
19/03/2007
11840/02
FALAKOĞLU No.2
10/10/2006
10/01/2007
36635/08
FATIH TAS
05/04/2011
05/07/2011
27215/95+
GÖKÇELI YAŞAR KEMAL
04/03/2003
04/06/2003
43453/04+
GÖZEL AND ÖZER
06/07/2010
06/10/2010
4870/02
GÜL AND OTHERS
08/06/2010
08/09/2010
57218/10
GÜLLÜ
13/06/2017
13/06/2017
40303/98
GÜMÜŞ AND OTHERS
15/03/2005
15/06/2005
35071/97
GÜNDÜZ MÜSLÜM
04/12/2003
14/06/2004
65849/01
GÜZEL No. 2
27/07/2006
27/10/2006
30007/96
HALIS
11/01/2004
11/04/2005
42920/98
HAYDAR YILDIRIM AND OTHERS
15/07/2004
15/10/2004
15719/03
İLHAN MEHMET CEVHER
13/01/2009
13/04/2009
24748/03
İMZA
20/01/2009
20/04/2009
31236/96
KALIN
10/11/2004
10/02/2005
13799/04
KANAT AND BOZAN
21/10/2008
21/01/2009
58756/00
KAR AND OTHERS
03/05/2007
03/08/2007
18482/03
KARAKOYUN AND TURAN
11/12/2007
11/03/2008
33179/96
KARATAŞ SEHER
09/07/2002
09/10/2002
43928/98
KARKIN
23/09/2003
23/12/2003
48387/99
KAYA HAYDAR
08/11/2005
08/02/2006
43807/07
KILIC AND EREN
29/11/2011
29/02/2012
50934/99
KOÇ AND TAMBAŞ
21/03/2006
21/06/2006
40987/98
KORKMAZ No. 1
20/12/2005
20/03/2006
42589/98
KORKMAZ No. 2
20/12/2005
20/03/2006
42590/98
KORKMAZ No. 3
20/12/2005
20/03/2006
71353/01
KÜÇÜK YALÇIN No.3
22/04/2008
22/07/2008
73715/01
KUTLULAR
29/04/2008
29/07/2008
9858/04
MEHMET HATİP DİCLE
15/10/2013
15/01/2014
33347/04
MENTES No. 2
25/01/2011
25/04/2011
41618/98
ODABAŞI
10/11/2004
10/02/2005
41445/04+
ÖNAL
02/10/2012
02/01/2013
48583/07+
ÖZALP
18/07/2017
18/07/2017
35721/04+
ÖZER
05/05/2009
05/08/2009
23144/93
ÖZGÜR GÜNDEM
16/03/2000
16/03/2000
42119/98
ÖZKAYA
30/11/2004
28/02/2005
22479/93
ÖZTÜRK
28/09/1999
28/09/1999
24914/94
ÖZTÜRK AYŞE
15/10/2002
15/01/2003
29365/95
ÖZTÜRK ÜNSAL
4/10/2005
04/01/2006
39708/98
PAMAK
07/06/2005
07/09/2005
42605/98
ŞAHIN FIKRET
06/12/2005
06/03/2006
39457/03
SAYGILI AND FALAKAOĞLU
21/10/2008
21/01/2009
62677/00
SAYGILI AND SEYMAN
14/06/2007
14/09/2007
23927/94+
SÜREK AND ÖZDEMIR
08/07/1999
08/07/1999
24122/94
SÜREK No. 2
08/07/1999
08/07/1999
17445/02
TAŞ ERDAL No.3
20/09/2007
20/12/2007
29847/02
TAŞ ERDAL No.4
20/09/2007
20/12/2007
16853/05
TEMEL
01/02/2011
01/05/2011
53648/00
TURHAN VEYSEL
20/09/2005
20/12/2005
24874/04
UNSAL OZTURK No. 2
08/02/2011
08/05/2011
57299/00
VARLI AND OTHERS
27/04/2006
27/07/2006
64116/00
YALÇINER
21/02/2008
21/05/2008
57258/00
YARAR
19/12/2006
19/03/2007
12606/11
YAVUZ AND YAYLALI
17/12/2013
17/03/2014
77641/01
YILDIZ AND TAŞ No. 1
19/12/2006
19/03/2007
77642/01
YILDIZ AND TAŞ No. 2
19/12/2006
19/03/2007
477/02
YILDIZ AND TAŞ No. 3
19/12/2006
19/03/2007
3847/02
YILDIZ AND TAŞ No. 4
19/12/2006
19/03/2007
62230/00
YILMAZ SEVGI
11/04/2006
11/07/2006
56362/00
YÜKSEL (GEYIK)
25/10/2005
25/01/2006
Application
Case
Judgment of
Final on
32985/96
ALTAN
14/05/2002
Friendly settlement
35076/97
EROL ALI
20/06/2002
Friendly settlement
42436/98
GERGER No. 2
09/03/2004
Friendly settlement
26976/95+
SÜREK KAMIL TEKIN No. 5
16/07/2002
Friendly settlement
29910/96
TANIYAN
17/03/2005
Friendly settlement
51002/99+
ZANA AND OTHERS
11/01/2005
Friendly settlement
32455/96
ZARAKOLU
27/05/2003
Friendly settlement
43452/12
Ahmet DAĞTEKİN
08/12/2015
Friendly settlement
23072/08
Suna ULUĞTÜRKEN
14/03/2017
Friendly settlement
16927/10
Şenol SAĞALTICI
13/06/2017
Friendly settlement
Full & Egal Universal Law Academy