THIRD SECTION
CASE OF SELYAYEVY AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA
(Applications nos. 41809/21 and 39 others –
see appended list)
JUDGMENT
STRASBOURG
25 April 2024
This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision.
In the case of Selyayevy and Others v. Russia,
The European Court of Human Rights (Third Section), sitting as a Committee composed of:
Peeter Roosma, President,
Ioannis Ktistakis,
Andreas Zünd, judges,
and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar,
Having deliberated in private on 4 April 2024,
Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date:
PROCEDURE
1. The case originated in applications against Russia lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table.
2. The Russian Government (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications.
THE FACTS
3. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table.
4. The applicants complained of the disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies. Some applicants also raised other complaints under the provisions of the Convention.
THE LAW
JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment.
JURISDICTION6. The Court observes that the facts giving rise to the alleged violations of the Convention occurred prior to 16 September 2022, the date on which the Russian Federation ceased to be a party to the Convention. The Court therefore decides that it has jurisdiction to examine the present applications (see Fedotova and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 40792/10 and 2 others, §§ 68‑73, 17 January 2023).
ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 11 OF THE CONVENTION7. The applicants complained principally of disproportionate measures taken against them as organisers or participants of public assemblies, namely their arrest in relation to the dispersal of these assemblies and their conviction for administrative offences. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 11 of the Convention.
8. The Court refers to the principles established in its case-law regarding freedom of assembly (see Kudrevičius and Others v. Lithuania [GC], no. 37553/05, ECHR 2015, with further references) and proportionality of interference with it (see Oya Ataman v. Turkey, no. 74552/01, ECHR 2006‑XIV, and Hyde Park and Others v. Moldova, no. 33482/06, 31 March 2009).
9. In the leading cases of Frumkin v. Russia, no. 74568/12, ECHR 2016 (extracts), Navalnyy and Yashin v. Russia, no. 76204/11, 4 December 2014, and Kasparov and Others v. Russia, no. 21613/07, 3 October 2013, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case.
10. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion as to the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the interferences with the applicants’ freedom of assembly were not “necessary in a democratic society”.
11. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention.
OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATIONS UNDER WELL-ESTABLISHED CASE-LAW12. Some applicants submitted other complaints which also raised issues under the Convention and its Protocols, given the relevant well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table). These complaints are not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 (a) of the Convention, nor are they inadmissible on any other ground. Accordingly, they must be declared admissible.
13. Having examined all the material before it, the Court concludes that these complaints also disclose violations of the Convention and its Protocols in the light of its findings in Butkevich v. Russia, no. 5865/07, §§ 63-65, 13 February 2018, Tsvetkova and Others v. Russia, nos. 54381/08 and 5 others, §§ 115-31, 10 April 2018, and Korneyeva v. Russia, no. 72051/17, §§ 34-36, 8 October 2019, as to various aspects of unlawful deprivation of liberty of organisers or participants of public assemblies; Karelin v. Russia, no. 926/08, §§ 58-85, 20 September 2016, concerning the absence of a prosecuting party in the proceedings under the Code of Administrative Offences; and Martynyuk v. Russia, no. 13764/15, §§ 38-42, 8 October 2019, relating to the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal against the sentence of administrative detention.
REMAINING COMPLAINTS14. Some applicants raised further additional complaints under Article 6 of the Convention concerning other aspects of fairness of the administrative‑offence proceedings. In view of the findings in paragraphs 11 and 13 above, the Court considers that there is no need to deal separately with these remaining complaints.
APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION15. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see in particular Navalnyy and Others v. Russia [Committee], nos. 25809/17 and 14 others, § 22, 4 October 2022), the Court finds it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table.
FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT, UNANIMOUSLY,
Decides to join the applications;Holds that it has jurisdiction to deal with these applications as they relate to facts that took place before 16 September 2022;Declares the complaints under Article 11 of the Convention and the other complaints under well-established case-law of the Court, as set out in the appended table, admissible, and finds that there is no need to examine separately the remaining complaints under Article 6 of the Convention;Holds that these complaints disclose a breach of Article 11 of the Convention;Holds that there has been a violation of the Convention and the Protocols thereto as regards the other complaints raised under the well-established case-law of the Court (see appended table);Holds(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 25 April 2024, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
Viktoriya Maradudina Peeter Roosma
Acting Deputy Registrar President
APPENDIX
List of applications raising complaints under Article 11 of the Convention
(disproportionate measures against organisers and participants of public assemblies)
No.
Application no.
Date of introduction
Applicant’s name
Year of birth
Representative’s name and location
Name of the public event
Location
Date
Administrative / criminal offence
Penalty
Final domestic decision
Court Name
Date
Other complaints under
well-established case-law
Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage and costs and expenses per applicant
(in euros)[1]
41809/21
30/07/2021
Dmitriy Vadimovich SELYAYEV
1996
Denis Vadimovich SELYAYEV
1993
Aksenova Darya Dmitriyevna
Kolomna
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
to each applicant
Moscow City Court
16/04/2021 (in respect of Mr Denis Selyayev)
Moscow City Court
21/05/2021 (in respect of Mr Dmitriy Selyayev)
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings, in respect of both applicants.
3,500
41824/21
02/08/2021
Aleksandr Maksimovich POTAPOV
2002
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
16/04/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
41830/21
02/08/2021
Ilya Vladislavovich DMITRIYEV
1979
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 10 days
Moscow City Court
16/03/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to the police station on 31/01/2021 for compiling an offence report and detention at the police station on 01/02/2021 for 5 hours after compiling an offence report;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.
5,000
41834/21
02/08/2021
Vyacheslav Vladimirovich POPOV
1988
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 7 days
Moscow City Court
03/02/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 5.20 p.m. on 31/01/2021 until 01/02/2021, when the applicant was taken to the Babushkinskiy District Court;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.
5,000
41843/21
02/08/2021
Vladislav Romanovich ANDREYEV
1997
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 12 days
Moscow City Court
05/02/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 3 p.m. on 31/01/2021 until 01/02/2021;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.
5,000
41967/21
31/07/2021
Olga Nikolayevna ZABALUYEVA
1982
Tykhta Vitaliy Dmitriyevich
Khabarovsk
Rally to support S. Furgal
Khabarovsk
19/12/2020
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Khabarovsk Regional Court
02/02/2021
3,500
41969/21
03/08/2021
Danil Faritovich IBRAGIMOV
1992
Kabirov Rushan Rafisovich
Kazan
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Kazan
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Supreme Court of the Tatarstan
Republic
24/03/2021
3,500
42185/21
03/08/2021
Aygul Igorevna TUKTAROVA
1996
Kabirov Rushan Rafisovich
Kazan
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Kazan
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Supreme Court of the Tatarstan Republic
24/03/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 2.40 p.m. on 31/01/2021 until 02/02/2021.
4,000
42304/21
04/08/2021
Inga Alanovna KELEKHSAYEVA
1995
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 10 days
Moscow City Court
08/02/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.
5,000
42313/21
04/08/2021
Anastasiya Sergeyevna ZAYTSEVA
1998
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 5 days
Moscow City Court
18/02/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - detention at the police station after compiling an offence report from 12 p.m. on 02/02/2021 until 8 p.m. on 03/02/2021;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.
5,000
57235/21
15/11/2021
Vladislav Andreyevich SHULTSEV
1995
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
17/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57245/21
15/11/2021
Sergey Borisovich MURAVYEV
1991
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
11/06/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57247/21
15/11/2021
Yuriy Pavlovich PASTUSHENKO
1985
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
21/07/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57255/21
15/11/2021
Daniil Vladimirovich KOROTOVSKIKH
1990
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Kurgan
21/04/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Kurgan Regional Court
24/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57339/21
10/11/2021
Tatyana Yevgenyevna TERESHCHENKOVA
1984
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Ryazan
21/04/2021
article 20.2 § 2 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Ryazan Regional Court
02/06/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57521/21
18/11/2021
Nodari Lotariyevich KHANANASHVILI
1957
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Municipal Russia", organised by Open Russia Civic Movement
Moscow
13/03/2021
article 20.33 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Izmaylovskiy District Court of Moscow
20/05/2021
3,500
57576/21
10/11/2021
Ivan Vladimirovich TALALAYEV
1982
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Moscow City Court
11/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57603/21
10/11/2021
Maksim Andreyevich BOLYAVIN
1996
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
11/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57606/21
18/11/2021
Ivan Vladimirovich BAKHTINOV
1985
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Moscow City Court
21/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings
3,500
57614/21
18/11/2021
Lyubov Sergeyevna FILIPCHIK
1988
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
19/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57619/21
10/11/2021
Kirill Rodionovich IZHOV
1995
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
13/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57631/21
10/11/2021
Aleksandr Igorevich BESSMERTNYY
1997
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow
11/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57637/21
10/11/2021
Zarina Ruslanova IDRISOVA
1997
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalny"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 5 days
Moscow City Court
11/05/2021
Art. 5 (1) - unlawful detention - escorting to and detention at the police station after compiling an offence report on 02/02/2021;
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
5,000
57644/21
10/11/2021
Yelena Vasilyevna ALENICHEVA
1973
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Moscow City Court
13/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57708/21
26/10/2021
Aleksandr Valeryevich TSAPKO
1999
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Rostov-on Don
21/04/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 13 days
Rostov Regional Court
28/04/2021
5,000
57722/21
26/10/2021
Dmitriy Aleksandrovich TSIBIREV
1986
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Saratov
21/04/2021
article 20.2 § 8 of CAO
detention for 20 days
Saratov Regional Court
27/04/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings;
Prot. 7 Art. 2 - delayed review of conviction by a higher tribunal - the sentence of administrative detention imposed on the applicant was executed immediately, on account of the lack of suspensive effect of an appeal under the CAO.
5,000
57791/21
11/11/2021
Aleksandr Vyacheslavovich BARYSHEV
1980
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Moscow City Court
11/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57842/21
11/11/2021
Anna Viktorovna IVANOVA-DYATLOVA
1961
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
13/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57871/21
11/11/2021
Tatyana Aleksandrovna LUKYANOVA
1971
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
11/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
57876/21
11/11/2021
Lyudmila Vladimirovna DOBRYNINA
1955
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Khabarovsk
18/02/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Khabarovsk Regional Court
13/05/2021
3,500
58289/21
13/11/2021
Lyubov Maksimovna KNELS
2000
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Novosibirsk
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Novosibirsk Regional Court
14/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
58331/21
18/11/2021
Petr Sergeyevich MIRONENKO
1993
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 20,000
Moscow City Court
19/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
58779/21
25/11/2021
Andrey Gennadyevich NEFEDKIN
1974
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
23/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
detention for 7 days
Moscow City Court
07/07/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
5,000
58793/21
25/11/2021
Alena Yuryevna MILANOVICH
1991
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Moscow City Court
27/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
58800/21
25/11/2021
Aleksandra Nikolayevna SYSHCHIKOVA
1993
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
27/05/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
58808/21
25/11/2021
Aleksandr Vladimirovich GONTAREV
1991
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
02/02/2021
article 20.2
§ 6.1 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
13/07/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
59386/21
25/11/2021
Mariya Vladilenovna TIVIKOVA
1978
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Vladimir
21/04/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB
5,000
Vladimir Regional Court
29/07/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
59442/21
25/11/2021
Anton Anatolyevich TAROYANTS
1998
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Municipal Russia", organised by Open Russia Civic Movement
article 20.33 of CAO
fine of RUB 15,000
Izmailovskiy District Court of Moscow
28/05/2021
3,500
59443/21
25/11/2021
Nikolay Vladimirovich CHAK
1987
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Khabarovsk
21/04/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Khabarovsk Regional Court
01/07/2021
3,500
59450/21
25/11/2021
Vladislav Yevgenyevich MASS
1996
Memorial Human Rights Centre
Moscow
Rally "Free Navalnyy"
Moscow
31/01/2021
article 20.2 § 5 of CAO
fine of RUB 10,000
Moscow City Court
15/07/2021
Art. 6 (1) - lack of impartiality of the tribunal in view of the absence of a prosecuting party in administrative-offence proceedings.
3,500
[1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants.