FulLegal · İçtihat Detay

İtalya 19.09.2023 EN

D'ALESSANDRO AND OTHERS v. ITALY

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi

Karar Metni

FIRST SECTION

DECISION

Application no. 12772/10
Lidya D’ALESSANDRO and Others against Italy
and 7 other applications
(see tables appended)

The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting on 19 September 2023 as a Committee composed of:

Péter Paczolay, President,
Gilberto Felici,
Raffaele Sabato, judges,

and Liv Tigerstedt, Deputy Section Registrar,

Having regard to:

the applications lodged on the various dates indicated in the appended tables,

the declarations submitted by the respondent Government on 19 January, 30 January, 23 June and 11 July 2023 requesting the Court to strike the applications out of the list of cases and the applicants’ reply to those declarations,

Having deliberated, decides as follows:

FACTS AND PROCEDURE

1. The list of applicants is set out in the appended tables.

2. The applicants were represented by Mr Giuseppe Ferraro, a lawyer practising in Naples.

3. The Italian Government (“the Government”) were represented by their Agent, Mr L. D’Ascia.

4. The applicants’ complaint under Article 6 of the Convention concerning the legislative interference pending judicial proceedings was communicated to the Government.

THE LAW

5. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single decision.

6. The Court firstly takes note of the information regarding the death of certain applicants, indicated in Appendix I, and the wish of their heirs to continue the proceedings in their stead, as well as of the absence of an objection to that wish on the Government’s part. Therefore, the Court considers that the heirs indicated in Appendix I have standing to continue the proceedings in the late applicants’ stead.

7. On 19 and 30 January 2023 the Government informed the Court that all of the applicants listed in Appendix II had died. The applicants’ representative did not contest that information and no heirs have come forward.

8. Accordingly, the Court considers that it is no longer justified to continue the examination of the applications with respect to the applicants listed in Appendix II (Article 37 § 1 (c) of the Convention).

9. As concerns the applicants listed in Appendix I, after unsuccessful friendly-settlement negotiations, on 19 January, 30 January, 23 June and 11 July 2023 the Government informed the Court that they proposed to make unilateral declarations with a view to resolving the issues raised by these applicants. They further requested the Court to strike out the applications in accordance with Article 37 of the Convention.

10. The Government acknowledged a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. They offered to pay these applicants the amounts detailed in Appendix I and invited the Court to strike the applications out of the list of cases in accordance with Article 37 § 1 (c) of the Convention. The amounts would be payable within three months from the date of notification of the Court’s decision. In the event of failure to pay these amounts within the above-mentioned three-month period, the Government undertook to pay simple interest on them, from the expiry of that period until settlement, at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.

11. The payment will constitute the final resolution of the case.

12. The applicants were sent the terms of the Government’s unilateral declarations. On 20 February and 26 July 2023, the Court received responses from the applicants’ representative refusing the terms of the declarations.

13. The Court observes that Article 37 § 1 (c) enables it to strike a case out of its list if:

“... for any other reason established by the Court, it is no longer justified to continue the examination of the application”.

14. Thus, it may strike out applications under Article 37 § 1 (c) on the basis of a unilateral declaration by a respondent Government even if the applicants wish the examination of the case to be continued (see, in particular, Tahsin Acar v. Turkey (preliminary objections) [GC], no. 26307/95, §§ 75‑77, ECHR 2003-VI).

15. The Court has established clear and extensive case-law concerning complaints relating to the legislative interference pending judicial proceedings in Italy (see, for example, Arras and Others v. Italy, no. 17972/07, 14 February 2012; Natale and Others v. Italy, no. 19264/07, 15 October 2013; and Casacchia and Others v. Italy, nos. 23658/07 and 2 others, 15 October 2013).

16. In the present case, the Court takes note of the applicants’ argument that, with regard to certain applicants, the amounts offered are based on a standardised determination of damages. Nevertheless, the Court also notes that only a limited number of applicants have provided individual calculations of the amounts claimed, whereas the remaining ones generically stated the applicable criteria and claimed that they were unable to submit a precise calculation. The Court recalls that it is for the applicants to prove, as far as possible, not only the existence but also the amount of the damage. Although the Court accepts that a precise calculation of the sums due is not always possible (see, for example, Kurić and Others v. Slovenia (just satisfaction) [GC], no. 26828/06, §§ 87-90, ECHR 2014), in the present case it is not convinced by the applicants’ arguments. The existence of the criteria mentioned by the common representative, along with the fact that some of the applicants have provided detailed calculations, indicates that at least an estimate of damages was possible in the present case. In these circumstances, the Court considers that the amounts offered by the Government are consistent with those that the Court would have awarded, based on the criteria adopted in similar cases (see, for example, Arras and Others, cited above).

17. Therefore, noting the admissions contained in the Government’s declarations, as well as the amount of compensation proposed, the Court considers that it is no longer justified to continue the examination of the applications relating to the concerned applicants (Article 37 § 1 (c)).

18. In the light of the above considerations, the Court is satisfied that respect for human rights as defined in the Convention and the Protocols thereto does not require it to continue the examination of the applications with respect to the applicants concerned (Article 37 § 1 in fine).

19. Furthermore, the Court emphasises that, should the Government fail to comply with the terms of their unilateral declarations, the applications may be restored to the list in accordance with Article 37 § 2 of the Convention (Josipović v. Serbia (dec.), no. 18369/07, 4 March 2008).

20. In view of the above, it is appropriate to strike the applications out of the list of cases.

For these reasons, the Court, unanimously,

Decides to join the applications;

Holds that the heirs indicated in Appendix I have standing to pursue the proceedings in the stead of the deceased applicants;

Takes note of the death of the applicants listed in Appendix II and of the absence of any heirs wishing to pursue the proceedings before the Court in their stead;

Takes note of the terms of the respondent Government’s declarations concerning the remaining applicants (see Appendix I), and of the arrangements for ensuring compliance with the undertakings referred to therein;

Decides to strike the applications out of its list of cases.

Done in English and notified in writing on 12 October 2023.

Liv Tigerstedt Péter Paczolay
Deputy Registrar President

APPENDIX I

Application no.
Case name

Introduction date

Applicant’s name
Year of birth

Amount awarded for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage per applicant/household

(in euros)

Amount awarded for costs and expenses per applicant/household

(in euros)

12772/10

D’Alessandro and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Lucia MARCOLLA
1955
Iole CATEMARIO
1949
Household

Sara SIGILLI
1933

Silvia SIGILLI
1943
Sergio SIGILLI
1948

Household

Geido VANNINI
1929
Vania VANNINI
1958
Virna VANNINI
1962

Giuliano TONIATTI
1940
Emilio TRONCI
1942

Giuseppe MAIDA
Born in 1940

Deceased in 2017

Heirs

Pietro MAIDA

1969

Paola MAIDA

1980

Mariateresa MATACERA

1969

Matteo MAIDA

1996

Martina MAIDA

2000

Carla BUONERBA
1949

Felice AMBROSINO
Born in 1928

Deceased in 2016

Heirs

Maria Luisa AMBROSINO

1961

Giuseppe AMBROSINO

1962

Piera AMBROSINO

1965

Assunta ARCASI
1939

Antonella MAFFETTONE
1936

Gian Domenico CARBONE
1936
Angelo BALESTRIERI
1948

Laura ZAGARELLA
Born in 1924

Deceased in 2014

Heirs

Riccardo D’AMATO

1948

Annalisa D’AMATO

1954

Giuliana CAPPUCCIO
Born in 1920

Deceased in 2011

Heirs

Raffaella MASTROPAOLO

1959

Michaela MASTROPAOLO

1963

Maria MICCOLIS
Born in 1910

Deceased in 2013

Heirs

Francesco ETTORRE

1938

Mario ETTORRE

1942

Paola ETTORRE

1948

Laura TORTOLI CAROTI
Born in 1928

Deceased in 2020

Heir

Alessandro CAROTI

1958
Mariarosaria NIGRO
1941
Carolina ATTANASIO
1938
Rosa REA
1932

Household
Claudio DE BIASI
1949
Sergio DE BIASI
1953

Andrea VATO
1924

Household

Maria NICOLETTI
1959

Filomena NICOLETTI
Born in 1944

Deceased in 2016

Heirs

Mario FLAGIELLO

1943

Giovanni FLAGIELLO

1971

Vanessa FLAGIELLO

1975

Simonetta FALCIANI
1955
Claudio GRIZIOTTI
1952
Salvatore BELLISARIO
Born in 1932

Deceased in 2011

Heirs

Rosa BARBERIO

1936

Gloria BELLISARIO

1960

Patrizia BELLISARIO
1961

Sondra BELLISARIO

1963

Household

Giovanna D’ANGELO
1938

Marco MAISANO
1964

Marina MAISANO
1966

Adriano BIZZO
1933

Raffaele MASTRANTUONO
1943

Genesia MARCANTONIO
1938

Household

Pasqualina RUBINO
1927

Giovanni LEONE
1943

Mercedes LEONE
1946

Maria Stella LEONE
1948

Claudio LEONE
1952
Silvana LEONE
1955
Maria Adriana CANDELORO
1946
Giovanni NACCARI
1939
Maria Antonietta GIOVENE DI GIRASOLE
1950
Household
Serafino GALLO
1942
Rosanna GALLO
1946
Vally Gabriella Liliana GALLO
1948
Toro Riccardo GALLO
1953

4,000

5,900

4,800

4,200

6,300

7,500

4,000

200

12777/10

Bacca and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Aldo BACCA
Born in 1927

Deceased in 2021

Heirs

Daniela BACCA

1958

Adriana BACCA

1963

Gino BACCA

1967

Guglielmo BACCA

1968
Vincenzo CRISCUOLO GAITO
1937

Assunta D’ORIO
1943

Adriana D’AGOSTINO
1936

Ciro DI DESIDERO
Born in 1933

Deceased in 2019

Heirs

Anna MONTE

1936

Lucia DI DESIDERO

1960

Luigi DI DESIDERO

1961

Mario DI DESIDERO

1964

Marianna DI DESIDERO

1967

Household
Vitaliano ROCCA
1954
Agnese ROCCA
1955
Sergio ROCCA
1956
Maurizio ROCCA
1963
Antonello ROCCA
1964
Annarita ROCCA
1959

8,300

8,500

4,000

5,000

7,600

10,600

200

12779/10

Saporito and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Gianfranco SAPORITO
Born in 1935

Deceased in 2019

Heirs

Chiarina FERRANDO

1934

Claudio SAPORITO
1963

Mario Michele SOAVE
Born in 1931

Deceased in 2013

Heirs

Teresa ZANNO

1933

Ermanno Matteo SOAVE

1961

Massimiliano SOAVE

1966

Matteo SOAVE

1972
Emilio GRASSO
1947
Luigi GRIECO
1942
Giovanni PISANI
1941

Household

Norma BRIVIO
Born in 1923

Deceased in 2014
Maria Raffaella LEO (also as heir)
1956
Massimo LEO

(also as heir)
1953
Edda CECCHINI
1940

Household
Sergio Luigi SENNI
1990
Daria Luisa SENNI
1988

Household
Daniela MORI
1944
Antonella MORI
1957
Ernesto LEO
Born in 1935

Deceased in 2013

Heirs

Gabriella LEO

1961

Francesco LEO

1963

Giampiero LEO

1965

Gian Marco PAGLIAI
1940
Luigi PELLEGRINI
1931

Giuseppe TROIANO
Born in 1920

Deceased in 2012

Heirs

Mariassunta TROIANO

1948

Angela TROIANO

1950

Luigi TROIANO

1954

Household

Antonio D’ANNUNZIO
1941

Maria Andrea D’ANNUNZIO
1982
Household

Liliana PAONE
1940
Alessandra NOTARICOLA
1964
Lorenzo NOTARICOLA
1966
Roberta NOTARICOLA
1967
Household
Crocifissa GABRIELE
1926
Isa PANTANELLA
1952
Bruna PANTANELLA
1955

Household
Maria Grazia STAFFA
1942
Eugenio STAFFA
Born in 1944

Deceased in 2013

Heirs

Pasqualina STELLA

1946

Manuela STAFFA

1975

Camillo STAFFA

1979

Giuseppe IZZO
1945
Anna BUCCI
1944
Vezio PALMIERI
1950
Daniele MARRI
1938
Household
Giuseppe MORABITO
1956

Mario Claudio MORABITO
1968

Anna Rosa SANTANGELO
1950
Giuseppe TARANI
1943
Vincenzo PULETTO
1940

7,100

10,900

4,600

6,700

6,800

9,600

7,400

7,500

4,100

6,600

6,200

9,300

6,100

4,400

4,000

4,500

6,000

6,200

4,000

8,900

16,100

4,200

7,900

4,000

200

12782/10

Costa and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Salvatore COSTA
1951
Giovanni D’AMORE
1935
Maria Rosaria DURANTE
1945
Alfredo DALIA
Born in 1922

Deceased in 2022

Heirs

Elia DE ACETIS

1923

Tommaso DALIA

1950

Caterina DALIA

1955

Household
Valeria Virginia ENDRIGO
1957
Emma ENDRIGO
1960
Paolo DI CICCO
1944

Household
Rita SELVAGGI
1959
Elena SELVAGGI
1965

Household
Anna CASTANA
1931

Roberta DI LELIO
1958
Paola DI LELIO
1963
Marco DI LELIO
1963

4,300

8,700

5,900

14,200

9,600

6,500

9,500

4,000

200

12783/10

Bianco and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Antonio BIANCO
Born in 1931

Deceased in 2021

Heir

Maria Vittoria DE LUCIA

1940
Giovanni BOLLA
1951
Francesco BOSCIA
Born in 1940

Deceased in 2022

Heir

Carlo BOSCIA

1969
Andrea CARNEMOLLA
1939
Ornella BERTOLDINI
1945
Alessandro CIULLO
1953
Gaetano AMODEO
1931

Household

Gloria BRUNO
1929
Olina CAPOLINO
1955
Ester CAPOLINO
1958
Luciana CAPOLINO
1964
Maria Rosaria CAPOLINO

1965

5,800

5,000

7,800

7,300

5,800

8,500

11,300

12,400

200

12785/10

Sardella and Others v. Italy

16/12/2009

Gaetano SARDELLA
Born in 1922

Deceased in 2017

Heirs

Flavia SARDELLA

1955

Walter SARDELLA

1966
Antonietta D’AMBROSIO
Born in 1928

Deceased in 2020

Heir

Adelaide COSTANTINO

1956
Claudio LUNELLI
1937

Household
Maria LOTITO
Born in 1925

Deceased in 2014

Vitantonio TARANTINI

(also as heir)
1952
Giuseppe TARANTINI (also as heir)
1954

Angela Maria TARANTINI

(also as heir)
1956

Elsa VEGNI
Born in 1919

Deceased in 2018

Heir

Marta CAPPELLI

1947

Maria STELLA
Born in 1930

Deceased in 2012

Heirs

Roberto DODARO

1957

Gianfranco DODARO

1962

Household
Anna ARDITO
Born in 1923

Deceased in 2016
Federico SCHIRINZI (also as heir)
1945

9,500

4,000

8,300

8,900

7,000

7,900

11,600

200

12788/10

Alfani and Others v. Italy

11/01/2010

Household

Teresa ALFANI
1952
Luigi ALFANI
1953
Wladimiro ALFANO
1942
Giovanni ALFERJ
1936
Romano AMOROSO
1942

Household

Maria BAGGI
1937
Giuseppe BAGGI
1940
Angiola BAGGI
1946
Household
Giuseppina BRUSINELLI
1938
Maurizio GULLETTA
1960
Luciano GULLETTA
1966

Household
Paola CANGIANO
1960
Giorgio CANGIANO
1963
Vincenzo CARBOTTI
1946

Household
Elge CHIRICO
1939
Luigi CHIRICO
1942

Household
Michelina DE LEO
1945

Roberto DE LEO
1947
Vincenzo DE LEO
1950
Alfonso DE LEO
1955

Household
Vincenza GIACOMANTONIO
1936
Valentina DEL VECCHIO
1972
Household
Maria Gabriella GIOVANNETTI
1958
Giorgio GIOVANNETTI
1962

Household
Silvana BONORA
1938
Floriana MAZZEO
1967
Valeria MAZZEO
1969

Giovanni MEGALE
Born in 1935

Deceased in 2011

Heirs

Pia Rosa DE ANGELIS

1942

Gaetano MEGALE

1963

Cristiana MEGALE

1966

Valeria MEGALE

1976
Luigi MILONE
1942

Antonio NOTARDONATO
1937

Household
Elena PALLADINO
1943
Filomena PALLADINO
1945
Rosanna PALLADINO
1949
Maria Teresa PALLADINO
Born in 1925

Deceased in 2013

Heirs

Maurizio FIORILLI

1953

Filomena FIORILLI

1956

Claudio FIORILLI

1963

Pier Luigi PETROVICH
1937
Silvana RICCHIARDI
Born in 1922

Deceased in 2014

Heir

Emanuela TOMASSETTI

1954
Romano SABATELLI
1937
Pasquale SANGINARIO
1939

Enrico SANTOMAURO
1941
Andrea SOTTILE
Born in 1937

Deceased in 2017

Heirs

Carla SOTTILE
1968

Alberto SOTTILE

1971

Mauro SOTTILE

1973
Francesco TIPO
Born in 1923

Deceased in 2011

Heirs

Luciana TIPO

1947

Luigi TIPO

1949

Silvana TIPO

1951

Sonia TIPO

1953

Brunella TIPO

1957

Ivan TIPO

1958

Dario TIPO

1960
Silvano TRISTANO
1933
Delio VILLANIS
Born in 1920

Deceased in 2016

Heirs

Maria Rosaria VILLANIS

1952

Giuseppe VILLANIS

1953

Pierpaolo ZANNI
1937

Household

Patrizia ZANONI
1953

Giovanni ZANONI
1954
Household
Ersilia CALVANESE
1947

Patrizia CALVANESE
1953

Attilio CALVANESE
1956
Antongiulio CALVANESE
1959

Assunta NOVI
Born in 1927

Deceased in 2014

Heirs

Anna IODICE

1951

Maria Luisa IODICE

1954

Teresa IODICE

1955

Raffaele IODICE

1957

Elio IANNANTUONO
1938
Maria Grazia DE GIORGIO
1944

8,300

6,600

6,200

7,600

5,000

5,100

4,200

8,000

8,500

6,000

5,600

4,400

5,500

5,600

4,500

5,600

5,800

7,100

4,200

7,100

5,600

5,900

5,700

4,800

4,000

5,700

4,700

4,200

5,800

4,200

5,700

4,200

200

12792/10

Matacena and Others v. Italy

11/01/2010

Francesco MATACENA
1949
Franco FEZZI
1937
Giuseppe GAUDINO
1940
Giuseppe CARRUS
1940
Domenico CATALDO
Born in 1937

Deceased in 2020

Heirs

Jolanda CICCARELLI

1937

Michele CATALDO

1967

Lucia CATALDO

1969

Household
Sandro SCHIANO DI ZENISE
1967
Giulia SCHIANO DI ZENISE
1969

Household

Concetta CATONE
1962
Ester CATONE
1968
Francesco CALABRESU
1937

Maria Lucia LUCCI
1952

4,000

200

APPENDIX II

Application no.
Case name

Introduction date

Applicant’s name
Year of birth

Deceased in

12772/10

D’Alessandro and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Lidya D’ALESSANDRO
1922

Fulvia PENNACCHIA
1922

Vittorio CAPPABIANCA
1943
Angelo CALO’
1931

Lina Maria D’ONOFRIO
1927

2016

2013

2020

2021

12777/10

Bacca and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Alberto SANTOLI

1934

2015

12779/10

Saporito and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Alfonso PONZIO
1922

Domenico SANTOLERI
1934

Antonina SERRA
1927

2018

2011

2010

12782/10

Costa and Others v. Italy

18/12/2009

Giuseppe DELFINO
1923

2018

12785/10

Sardella and Others v. Italy

16/12/2009

Raimonda SERPI
1932

2022

12788/10

Alfani and Others v. Italy

11/01/2010

Giovanna ALIBERTI
1943

Claudio BALDINI
1944

Francesco COCOZZA
1940
Silvio COTTICELLI
1939

Walter DE SANTIS
1935
Irma DI FABBIO
1925
Amalia DI FERDINANDO
1923

Vittorio FANUELE
1934

Antonio Vincenzo GRIGNOLI
1932

Mirella ORLANDINI
1928

Angelo SACCON
1925

Sergio GERARDI
1936

Cornelia ALLEVA
1918

2010

2019

2020

2021

2022

2012

2013

2018

2014

2011

2021

2010

12792/10

Matacena and Others v. Italy

11/01/2010

Giovanni DE MARCO
1938

2011

Full & Egal Universal Law Academy