SECOND SECTION
DECISION
AS TO THE ADMISSIBILITY OF
Application no. 31926/96
by D.L. and M.A.
against Italy
The European Court of Human Rights (Second Section), sitting on 22 June 2000 as a Chamber composed of
MrC.L. Rozakis, President,
MrA.B. Baka,
MrB. Conforti,
MrP. Lorenzen,
MrsM. Tsatsa-Nikolovska,
MrE. Levits,
MrA. Kovler, judges,
andMrE. Fribergh, Section Registrar,
Having regard to the above application introduced with the European Commission of Human Rights on 19 December 1995 and registered on 17 June 1996,
Having regard to Article 5 § 2 of Protocol No. 11 to the Convention, by which the competence to examine the application was transferred to the Court,
Having regard to the observations submitted by the respondent Government and the observations in reply submitted by the applicants,
Having deliberated, decides as follows:
THE FACTS
The applicants are Italian nationals, both born in 1951 and living in Florence.
The facts of the case, as submitted by the parties, may be summarised as follows.
A.The circumstances of the case
The applicants are the owners of an apartment in Florence, which they had let to G.M.
In a registered letter of 11 June 1987, the applicants informed the tenant that they intended to terminate the lease on expiry of the term on 31 December 1987 and asked him to vacate the premises by that date.
On 13 June 1987, they served a notice to quit on the tenant, but he refused to leave.
In a writ served on the tenant on 19 September 1987, the applicants reiterated their intention to terminate the lease and summoned the tenant to appear before the Florence Magistrate.
By a decision of 26 November 1987, which was made enforceable on 4 December 1987, the Florence Magistrate upheld the validity of the notice to quit and ordered that the premises be vacated by 31 December 1988.
On an unspecified date, the applicants served notice on the tenant requiring him to vacate the premises.
Between 25 July 1989 and 9 March 1993, the bailiff made 8 attempts to recover possession, on 25 July 1989, 18 April 1990, 7 December 1990, 15 March 1991, 13 November 1991, 7 April 1992, 8 October 1992, 9 March 1993.
On 21 April 1993, the applicants made a statutory declaration that they urgently required the premises as accommodation for themselves.
On 30 June 1993, the applicants served notice on the tenant requiring him to vacate the premises.
On 30 July 1993, they served notice on the tenant informing him that the order for possession would be enforced by a bailiff on 9 September 1993.
Between 9 September 1993 and 15 October 1997, the bailiff made 9 attempts to recover possession, on 9 September 1993, 20 January 1994, 16 September 1994, 21 March 1995, 14 November 1995, 16 April 1996, 15 October 1996, 19 March 1997 and 15 October 1997.
Each attempt proved unsuccessful, as the applicants were never granted the assistance of the police in enforcing the order for possession.
In January 1998, the tenant left the apartment and the applicants repossessed it.
B.Relevant domestic law
The relevant domestic law is described in the judgment Immobiliare Saffi v. Italy [GC], no. 22774/93, 28.7.99, §§ 18-35, CEDH-V.
COMPLAINTS
1.The applicants complain about their prolonged inability - through lack of police assistance - to recover possession of their apartment.
2.The applicants further complain about the duration of the eviction proceedings.
THE LAW
The applicants complain that their inability to recover possession of their apartment amounted to a violation of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1, which provides:
“Every natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions. No one shall be deprived of his possessions except in the public interest and subject to the conditions provided for by law and by the general principles of international law.
The preceding provisions shall not, however, in any way impair the right of a State to enforce such laws as it deems necessary to control the use of property in accordance with the general interest or to secure the payment of taxes or other contributions or penalties.”
The applicants further complain about the duration of the eviction proceedings. Article 6 of the Convention, insofar as relevant, provides as follows:
“In the determination of his civil rights and obligations …, everyone is entitled to a … hearing within a reasonable time by [a] … tribunal ...”
The Government argue that the applicants have not exhausted domestic remedies. They submit that they have failed to issue proceedings in the administrative courts challenging the refusal of police assistance and to raise, in the same proceedings, the constitutionality of the legislative provisions concerned.
The applicants contest the Government’s arguments. They argue that the prefectoral committee never adopted a formal decision refusing police assistance.
The Court recalls that it has already dismissed this objection in the Immobiliare Saffi case (see the Immobiliare Saffi judgment cited above, §§ 40-42). As the Government have not submitted any new argument in support of their objection, the Court sees no reason to depart from its previous finding. This exception should therefore be rejected.
The Government further argue that the arrangements for staggering the police assistance were not part of the judicial process for enforcement of orders for possession, since police intervention was an administrative issue, entirely separate from and independent of the judicial process. That administrative phase can not be said to come within the scope of Article 6.
The Court recalls that it has already held that Article 6 of the Convention is applicable to the tenants eviction proceedings (see the Immobiliare Saffi judgment cited above, §§ 62-63). As the Government have not submitted any new argument in support of their objections, the Court sees no reason to depart from its previous finding. This exception should therefore also be rejected.
On the merits, the Government maintain that the measures in question amount to a control of the use of property which pursues the legitimate aim of avoiding the social tensions and troubles to public order that would occur if a considerable number of orders for possession were to be enforced simultaneously.
The applicants argue that the impossibility to repossess their apartment is due to the arbitrariness of the decisions of the administrative authority and to the complexity of the relevant legislation.
As to the length of the enforcement proceedings, the Government maintain that the delay in providing the assistance of the police is justified by the protection of the public interest. In any event, the Government stress that following the entry into force of Law no. 431 of 9 December 1998, the Prefect is no longer competent to determine the order of priority for the enforcement of the evictions. The date of enforcement should now be set by the District Court.
The Court considers that the application raises complex and serious issues which require a determination on the merits. It follows that it cannot be considered manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 of the Convention. No other ground for declaring the application inadmissible has been established.
For these reasons, the Court, unanimously,
DECLARES THE APPLICATION ADMISSIBLE, without prejudging the merits of the case.
Erik FriberghChristos Rozakis
RegistrarPresident
Full & Egal Universal Law Academy