EUROPEAN COMMISSION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Application No. 28626/95
Khristiansko Sdruzhenie "Svideteli na Iehova"
(Christian Association Jehovah's Witnesses)
against
Bulgaria
REPORT OF THE COMMISSION
(adopted on 9 March 1998)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
PART I : STATEMENT OF THE FACTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
PART II : SOLUTION REACHED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
INTRODUCTION
1. This Report relates to the application introduced under
Article 25 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human
Rights and Fundamental Freedoms by Khristiansko Sdruzhenie "Svideteli
na Iehova" (Christian Association Jehovah's Witnesses) against Bulgaria
on 6 September 1995. The application was registered on 21 September
1995 under file No. 28626/95.
2. The applicant association was represented by MM Alain Garay and
Philippe Goni, lawyers practising in Paris.
3. The Government of Bulgaria were represented by their Agent, Mrs
Guenka Beleva and, subsequently, by Mr Vladimir Sotirov of the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs and by Mrs Violina Djidjeva, co-agent.
4. On 3 July 1997 the Commission declared the application
admissible. It then proceeded to carry out its task under Article 28
para. 1 of the Convention which provides as follows:
"In the event of the Commission accepting a petition referred to
it:
a. it shall, with a view to ascertaining the facts, undertake
together with the representatives of the parties an examination
of the petition and, if need be, an investigation, for the
effective conduct of which the States concerned shall furnish all
necessary facilities, after an exchange of views with the
Commission;
b. it shall at the same time place itself at the disposal of
the parties concerned with a view to securing a friendly
settlement of the matter on the basis of respect for Human Rights
as defined in this Convention."
5. The Commission found that the parties had reached a friendly
settlement of the case and on 9 March 1998 adopted this Report, which,
in accordance with Article 28 para. 2 of the Convention, is confined
to a brief statement of the facts and of the solution reached.
6. The following members were present when the Report was adopted:
MM S. TRECHSEL, President
J.-C. GEUS
M.P. PELLONPÄÄ
E. BUSUTTIL
G. JÖRUNDSSON
A.S. GÖZÜBÜYÜK
A. WEITZEL
J.-C. SOYER
H. DANELIUS
Mrs G.H. THUNE
MM F. MARTINEZ
C.L. ROZAKIS
Mrs J. LIDDY
MM L. LOUCAIDES
M.A. NOWICKI
I. CABRAL BARRETO
B. CONFORTI
N. BRATZA
I. BÉKÉS
J. MUCHA
D. SVÁBY
G. RESS
A. PERENIC
C. BÎRSAN
K. HERNDL
E. BIELIUNAS
E.A. ALKEMA
M. VILA AMIGÓ
Mrs M. HION
MM R. NICOLINI
A. ARABADJIEV
PART I
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS
7. The applicant is a religious association based in Sofia.
8. The applicant association was founded and registered in 1991
under the Persons and Family Act. In 1994 the Act was amended to the
effect that religious associations were required to re-register subject
to the consent of the Council of Ministers. The registration of an
association which had not received authorisation to re-register from
the Council of Ministers was to be cancelled.
9. The applicant association applied to the Council of Ministers for
authorisation to re-register. The Council of Ministers did not react
to the applicant's requests for a hearing. On 28 June 1994 the Council
of Ministers adopted Decision No. 255 thereby refusing authorisation.
The decision stated that it was based on Section 133a and the
transitional provision of the Persons and Family Act; no further
reasoning was provided.
10. The applicant association did not receive an official copy of
this decision. Members of the applicant association first became aware
of its contents on 5 August 1994 during a police action in the town of
Haskovo. On 9 September 1994 Decision No. 255 was published in the
State Gazette, the official organ of the State.
11. On 15 September 1994 the applicant association appealed to the
Supreme Court against Decision No. 255. On 13 March 1995 the Supreme
Court dismissed the appeal. The Court found that it could only examine
whether the Council of Ministers had acted within its competence.
12. Following the adoption of Decision No. 255 various measures were
taken against the activities of the applicant association and of its
members. These included arrests, dispersal of meetings held in public
and private locations and confiscation of religious materials.
13. Before the Commission the applicant association complained under
Articles 9, 10, 11 and 14 of the Convention of the suspension of its
registration and activities. The applicant association also complained
under Article 6 of the Convention that it had no access to a court
competent to decide on the merits. The applicant association further
complained under Article 10 of the Convention of hostile media reports,
including interviews with public officials, and of the alleged
impossibility to publish material in response.
PART II
SOLUTION REACHED
14. Following the decision on the admissibility of the application,
the Commission placed itself at the disposal of the parties with a view
to securing a friendly settlement in accordance with Article 28 para.
1 (b) of the Convention and invited the parties to submit any proposals
they wished to make.
15. In accordance with the usual practice, the Secretary, acting on
the Commission's instructions, contacted the parties to explore the
possibilities of reaching a friendly settlement.
16. By letters of 8 and 12 September 1997 the parties indicated their
willingness to reach a friendly settlement. The parties exchanged
correspondence and proposals for a friendly settlement and held
meetings in Sofia on 20 and 21 November 1997. On 17 January 1998, upon
the parties' request, the Commission made proposals to the parties with
a view to resolving some remaining differences in their positions. The
parties again met in Sofia on 10 February 1998.
17. By letters of 10 and 11 February 1998 the parties informed the
Commission of the final text of the friendly settlement. This text,
compiled on the basis of the correspondence received from the parties,
reads as follows:
"I. Concernant la substitution du service militaire par un
service alternatif, le Gouvernement Bulgare s'engage à déposer
au Parlement un projet de loi, dans les meilleurs délais,
instituant un service civil alternatif au service militaire.
1.1. Le projet, selon l'avis de la requérante, répond
aux exigences des objecteurs de conscience, fidèles des
Témoins de Jéhovah, qui souhaitent effectuer un service
civil alternatif en remplacement du service militaire.
1.2. Le projet de loi définitif, déposé par le Conseil
des Ministres au Parlement, sera soumis immédiatement à la
Commission européenne des Droits de l'Homme.
II. Concernant la position des Témoins de Jéhovah sur le
sang, la requérante s'engage à rédiger une déclaration, qui sera
annexée de façon intégrante aux statuts des Témoins de Jéhovah
de Bulgarie en vue de son immatriculation, stipulant que :
2.1. - les patients Témoins de Jéhovah recourent
systématiquement aux soins médicaux pour eux-mêmes et leurs
enfants ; il appartient à chacun d'entre eux d'utiliser son
libre arbitre, sans aucun contrôle et sanction de la part
de la requérante ;
2.2. - s'agissant du respect de la législation
sanitaire bulgare, l'association chrétienne les Témoins de
Jéhovah de Bulgarie s'engage à respecter son application,
y compris :
2.2.1. - en ne fournissant pas de déclaration
préalable de refus de transfusion de sang aux personnes
mineures;
2.2.2. - en ce qui concerne les personnes
majeures, en observant les dispositions de ladite
législation et en reconnaissant à chaque individu la
liberté de choix.
III. Concernant la reconnaissance du culte des Témoins de
Jéhovah, par l'Etat Bulgare, comme religion officielle :
3.1. L'association chrétienne les Témoins de Jéhovah
s'engage à retirer sa requête contre la Bulgarie déposée
devant la Commission européenne des Droits de l'Homme ;
3.2. En conséquence, compte tenu du retrait de la
requête, le Gouvernement Bulgare, s'engage à immatriculer
les Témoins de Jéhovah en Bulgarie, en tant que culte,
conformément à la loi sur les confessions religieuses.
3.3. En conséquence, compte tenu du retrait de la
requête, le Gouvernement Bulgare s'engage également à
révoquer le point 16 de l'annexe 2 au point 4 de l'arrêté
du Conseil des Ministres n° 255 de 1994.
IV. Seront appliquées les modalités techniques suivantes,
concernant la radiation de la requête, étant donné la décision
d'immatriculer les statuts de l'association à Sofia :
4.1. L'association requérante dépose à la Direction
des Affaires religieuses les statuts, conformes aux termes
du présent règlement amiable, et les autres documents exigés
pour l'immatriculation.
4.2. Après examen, la Direction des Affaires
religieuses constate la conformité des statuts aux termes
du présent règlement amiable et se prononce pour
l'immatriculation de l'association requérante.
4.3. L'association requérante retire sa requête
N° 28626/95.
4.4. La Direction des Affaires religieuses immatricule
l'association requérante conformément aux termes du présent
règlement amiable."
18. At its session on 9 March 1998, the Commission noted that the
parties had reached an agreement regarding the terms of a settlement.
It further considered, having regard to Article 28 para. 1 (b) of the
Convention, that the friendly settlement of the case had been secured
on the basis of respect for Human Rights as defined in the Convention.
For these reasons, the Commission adopted the present Report.
M. de SALVIA S. TRECHSEL
Secretary President
to the Commission of the Commission
Full & Egal Universal Law Academy