WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center
ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION
Viacom International Inc. and MTV Networks Europe v. Chamandeep Singh
Case No. D2000-1441
1. The Parties
1.1. The First Complainant is Viacom International Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of Delaware, United States of America. The Second Complainant is MTV Networks Europe, a partnership organised and existing under the laws of Delaware, United States of America, between Viacom Networks Europe, Inc. and MTV Networks Europe, Inc. Jointly the First Complainant and the Second Complainant are referred to herein as "the Complainants".
1.2. The Respondent is Chamandeep Singh, an individual residing in the United Kingdom.
2. The Domain Name and Registrar
2.1. The domain name the subject of this Complaint is "".
2.2. The Registrar of this domain name is Internet Names Worldwide, a division of Melbourne IT Limited ("Registrar"), of Melbourne, Australia.
3. Procedural History
Issuance of Complaint
3.1. The Complainants submitted by email and by courier to the World Intellectual Property Organization Arbitration and Mediation Center ("WIPO Center") a Complaint made pursuant to the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy ("Uniform Policy"), and under the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy ("Uniform Rules"), both of which were implemented by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) on October 24, 1999. The copy of the Complaint submitted by email was received on October 23, 2000 and the copy of the Complaint submitted by courier was received on October 24, 2000. An Acknowledgment of Receipt of Complaint was sent by the WIPO Center to the Complainants, by email dated October 27, 2000.
Confirmation of Registration Details
3.2. A Request for Registrar Verification was dispatched by the WIPO Center to the Registrar by email on October 31, 2000. By email to the WIPO Center on the same day, the Registrar confirmed that it had received a copy of the Complaint from the Complainants; confirmed that it was the Registrar of the domain name the subject of this Complaint; confirmed that the current registrant of that domain name is the Respondent; identified the Administrative and Technical Contacts for the Registrant, and provided postal, telephone, facsimile and email contact details for the Respondent and the Contacts; confirmed that the Uniform Policy applies to the domain name the subject of this Complaint; and informed that the current status of that domain name is "licensed".
Notification to Respondent
3.3. On November 2, 2000, having verified that the Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Policy and the Uniform Rules, and that payment of the filing fee had been properly made, the WIPO Center issued to the Respondent and the Technical Contact a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative Proceeding, by courier, email and facsimile to the addresses and number provided by the Registrar. Copies of this Notification of Complaint were sent by email to the Complainant, the Registrar and ICANN on that date.
3.4. This Administrative Panel finds that the WIPO Center has discharged its responsibility under Rule 2(a) of the Uniform Rules "to employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to Respondent".
Filing of Response
3.5. On November 20, 2000, the Respondent sent to the WIPO Center an email requesting an extension of the deadline for the filing of a Response, citing a technical error with its computer hardware as the reason it would be unable to meet the original deadline of November 21, 2000. Having sought and received the Complainants� response (which was not favorably disposed) to the request for an extension, on the same day the WIPO Center pursuant to Rule 5(d) of the Uniform Rules granted the Respondent a non-extendable extension of five days in which to file his Response. On November 25, 2000, within the extended deadline, the WIPO Center received from the Respondent by email a Response to the Complainant. The hardcopy of this response was received by the WIPO Center on November 29, 2000. An Acknowledgement of Receipt of Response was sent by the WIPO Center to the Complainants and the Respondent by email on November 27, 2000.
Constitution of Administrative Panel
3.6. On November 30, 2000 in accordance with the request in the Complaint, the WIPO Center proceeded to appoint a single Panelist, and invited Andrew F. Christie to so act. On December 5, 2000, the WIPO Center issued to both parties a Notification of Appointment of Administrative Panel and Projected Decision Date, stating that Dr. Christie had submitted a Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence and had been appointed the sole Panelist in this case, and informing that absent exceptional circumstances a decision would be provided by this Administrative Panel by December 18, 2000. The case before this Administrative Panel was conducted in the English language, being the language of the registration agreement applicable to the domain name in issue.
Compliance with the formalities of the Uniform Policy and the Uniform Rules
3.7. Having reviewed the Case File in this matter, this Administrative Panel concurs with the assessment by the WIPO Center that the Complaint complies with the formal requirements of the Uniform Policy and Uniform Rules.
Submissions Subsequent to Filing of Response
3.8. On December 15, 2000 the Complainants by email filed with the WIPO Center a Reply (dated December 14, 2000) to the Respondent�s Response, and requested this Administrative Panel to exercise its discretion under Rule 12 of the Uniform Rules to accept and consider the Reply in advance of giving its decision. On December 18, 2000 the Respondent by email filed with the WIPO Center a response to the Complainants� Reply (termed herein the "Rebuttal"). In the Rebuttal the Respondent requested this Administrative Panel to exercise its discretion by not accepting the Complainants� Reply. The Rebuttal went on to state that if the Panel does accept the Reply, the Respondent requested the Panel to accept also the Rebuttal.
3.9. The Uniform Policy and Uniform Rules do not provide for the parties to the dispute filing supplementary submissions subsequent to the Complaint and the Response. However, Rule 12 of the Uniform Rules does provide that:
"In addition to the complaint and the response, the Panel may request, in its sole discretion, further statements or documents from either of the Parties."
3.10. There can be no doubt that neither the Complainants nor the Respondent has a right to file supplementary submissions subsequent to the Complaint and the Response. Supplementary submissions can only be filed in response to a request for such from the Panel. Accordingly, this Administrative Panel is strongly of the opinion that parties must refrain from purporting to submit unsolicited supplementary submissions. It is, of course, for each Administrative Panel to determine whether or not to request supplementary submissions, taking into account all the circumstances of the particular case (including but not limited to any plea from a party for leave to file further material). Nevertheless, this Administrative Panel considers that it would, and should, be in exceptional cases only that supplementary submissions are requested by a Panel. If requesting supplementary submissions were to become unexceptional, the dispute resolution procedure under the Uniform Policy and Rules would most likely become significantly more resource-consuming to all the actors (ie. the parties, the dispute resolution service provider, and the Administrative Panel) than is currently the case, as the unfolding scenario in this case demonstrates. Such an outcome seems contrary to the clear intention of ICANN in adopting the Uniform Policy and the Uniform Rules in their present form. A similar view has been expressed in other cases under the Uniform Policy, including Document Technologies, Inc. v. International Electronic Communications, Inc (WIPO Case D2000-0270) and Gordon Sumner, p/k/a Sting v Michael Urvan (WIPO Case D2000-0596).
3.11 The procedure this Administrative Panel has adopted in this case is as follows. The Complaint and the Response were read and considered. It was found that there was an extreme divergence of views in relation to some very basic facts and the interpretations that could be drawn from those facts. Although this Administrative Panel felt significant doubt on the point, it concluded that there was a possibility that this was a case with exceptional circumstances, such as would warrant taking into account the unsolicited supplementary submissions of both parties. These exceptional circumstances were the discrepancy in the Complaint regarding the claim of a UK trademark registration of the mark MTV BASE, and the discrepancies in the Response which are noted in the discussion below. This Administrative Panel thus concluded that, on balance, the most appropriate procedure in this case was (i) to extend to December 22, 2000 the date by which a Decision in this case would be rendered; and (ii) to read and take into account both the Reply and the Rebuttal. Having done both of these things, this Panel found that the supplementary submissions in fact did not provide any appreciable assistance in drawing conclusions about the appropriate resolution of this dispute.
4. Factual Background
Complainants� Activities and Trademark
4.1. The Complainants asserted, and generally provided evidence in support of, the following facts. Unless otherwise specified, this Administrative Panel finds these facts established.
4.2. The Second Complainant is the trading entity of the First Complainant in the UK and Europe. The Complainants carry on a wide range of businesses under the MTV trade mark and different permutations of this trade mark, including the trade mark MTV BASE, inter alia, in the provision of communication and entertainment services, throughout the world. In particular, the Complainants operate cable and satellite television channels transmitting music and programmes under the name MTV in over 139 countries around the world, including the United States of America, the United Kingdom and Ireland and a number of other European countries, and in over 323 million households worldwide. MTV is a recognised leader in the music industry and has received numerous global awards and recognition of its achievements.
4.3. The Second Complainant has been operating a television channel under the name MTV EXTRA in the United Kingdom since July 1, 1999. There are currently approximately 3.8 million subscribers to the MTV EXTRA channel. Since the Second Complainant�s launch of the MTV EXTRA channel, several million pounds (one pound is currently approximately USD 1.50) has been spent on advertising and marketing this channel in the United Kingdom. Further, the target market for this channel is young adults, which includes students, such as the Respondent.
4.4. The Complainants have had a presence on the Internet since 1994. In 1995, the First Complainant launched the website, which is consistently ranked as the number one music site among teens aged 13-17 years old. During 1999, averaged a monthly audience for teens aged 13-17 years old of approximately 1.9 million unique individuals.
4.5. In paragraph 3 of the Complaint it is claimed that the First Complainant "is the owner of the MTV EXTRA trademark registration" (emphasis added). In paragraph 12(1) of the Complaint it is further claimed that there exists a "UK Trade Mark No. 2199854 being the word mark MTV EXTRA, registered in Classes 38 and 41 in respect of communication services and education and entertainment services on 10 June 1999", and that "The trade mark MTV EXTRA is registered in the UK." (emphases added). However, it was subsequently stated in paragraph 12(1) of the Complaint: "The UK trade mark application filed by the First Complainant for the trade mark MTV EXTRA was filed on 10 June 1999" (emphasis added). In light of these contradictory assertions, and the fact that the Complainants provided no evidence of the alleged UK trademark registration for MTV EXTRA, this Administrative Panel does not find that the Complainants are, or that either of them is, the owner of any trademark registration for the mark MTV EXTRA.
4.6. The First Complainant is the owner of numerous trademark registrations in the United Kingdom and the United States of America of trademarks consisting of or including the letters MTV. Details of these registrations were set out in Annex 5 to the Complaint. The Complaint asserts that, in addition, there exists a published Community Trade Mark Application No. 1518521 being the word mark MTV EXTRA, pending in Classes 9, 25, 38, 41 and 42 in respect of a wide range of goods and services including, electrical and scientific apparatus, clothing, communications services, education and entertainment services, and miscellaneous services, which was applied for on February 21, 2000 in the name of the First Complainant. The Complaint did not, however, provide any evidence of this application. This Administrative Panel does not find that the First Complainant has any rights in such a trademark application.
Respondent�s Activities
4.7. The Response is identical, in almost all substantial respects, with the Response of Rattan Singh Mahon, the Respondent in WIPO Case D2000-1440 in respect of the domain name "", for which this Panelist is also the sole Panelist. The Complainants assert, and the Respondent expressly agrees, that the Respondent and Rattan Singh Mahon are acting in concert in respect of the domain names "" and "". The Response is very confusingly written, and is riddled with ambiguities and inconsistencies, especially in respect of dates. It is thus very difficult to form a clear picture about the true activities of the Respondent and Rattan Singh Mahon.
4.8. Commencing from at least some time in 1998 and continuing until at least some time in 2000, the Respondent has been a student at an unidentified university (alleged to be the University of Westminster), enrolled in a Bachelor of Science in Business Information Technology. According to a purported Enrolment Record contained as Annex I to the Response, the Respondent was enrolled in a number of subjects during this time, including Operations Management and Business Systems Analysis (both indicated as being undertaken and passed in "1999/1").
4.9. The Respondent asserts that he undertook a "project" as part of the above two subjects, which he titled "Mobile Telephone & Videophone Extra". Documents purporting to represent the aforesaid project were contained at Annexes A and B of the Response. In addition to this project, the Respondent also refers to "my project/company name and corporate identity". In particular, the Respondent claims to have established an "e-commerce corporate identity" under the name "MTV Extra". In support of this claim, Annex D to the Response contains copies of email correspondence to the Respondent addressed to him at "cham@", and postal communication from him and addressed to him under the name "MTV EXTRA".
4.10. On both of January 14, 2000 and January 20, 2000, Rattan Singh Mahon, the Respondent in WIPO Case D2000-1440, sent an email to the Second Complainant the content of which stated: " has been registered. Please contact me for further information." On January 24, 2000, a representative of the Second Complainant sent an email to the Rattan Singh Mahon (whether in reply to these communications or some other from Rattan Singh Mahon it is not clear) stating as follows:
"I received your email re the sale of the url being finalised ??? and I was a bit confused ???? Can you enlighten me as to who you sold the url to ????????? MTV actually owns the name mtv base so if it has been sold to anyone but us we need to know."
On February 9, 2000, Rattan Singh Mahon replied as follows:
"In your last message you mentioned if I was selling the site "to anyone but us" I should let you know. Well, I was wondering would you (MTV) be interested in purchasing the URL? As my last deal fell through I am open to offers."
5. Parties� Contentions
The Complaint
5.1. The Complainants contend that each of the three elements specified in paragraph 4(a) of the Uniform Policy are applicable to the domain name the subject of this dispute.
5.2. In relation to element (i) of Paragraph 4(a) of the Uniform Policy, the Complainants contend that the domain name in issue is identical to the allegedly registered UK Trade Mark No. 2199854 (being the word mark MTV EXTRA) and to the trademark MTV EXTRA the alleged subject of Community Trade Mark Application No.1518521. In addition, the Complainants contend that the domain name in issue is confusingly similar to its numerous registered trademarks consisting of or containing the letters "MTV", namely MTV, MTV MUSIC TELEVISION, MTV ONLINE and MTV MUSIC TELEVISION ONLINE.
5.3. In relation to element (ii) of Paragraph 4(a) of the Uniform Policy, the Complaints contend that before the Respondent was given notice of the dispute he was not making use of, nor had made demonstrable preparations for use of, the domain name, within the meaning of Paragraph 4(c)(i) of the Uniform Policy. Further, there is no evidence that the Respondent is commonly known by the domain name or that he is making a legitimate non-commercial or fair use of the domain name. Additionally, the Complainants do not accept the Respondent�s explanation as to legitimate use. Whilst the domain name has been registered since November 16, 1999, sample pages of the Respondent�s purported website utilising the domain name were not created and sent to the Complainant�s lawyers (at their request) until April, 2000. No website had been activated in respect of the domain name at that time. The sample pages contain just the title "Mobile and Telephone & Videophone Extra" and isolated words which relate to mobile telephones or videophone. In the opinion of the Complainants this is not sufficient to demonstrate the legitimate use which the Respondent claims. As at the date of this Complaint, which is almost a year after the initial registration of the domain name and 6 months after the Respondent sent sample pages to the Complainants� lawyers, no website is or ever has been activated in respect of the domain name.
5.4. In relation to element (iii) of Paragraph 4(a) of the Uniform Policy, the Complainants contend that, by reference to Paragraph 4(b)(i) of the Uniform Policy, the domain name in issue was acquired by the Respondent primarily for the purpose of selling or otherwise transferring it to the rightful owner of the MTV EXTRA trademark (the First Complainant) or to a competitor of the Complainants, for valuable consideration in excess of the domain name registrant�s out of pocket costs directly related to the domain name, as indicated by Rattan Singh Mahon�s e-mail to the Second Complainant of February 9, 2000 offering to sell the domain name "" to it. The Complainants contend that this demonstrates that the Respondent intends to sell the domain name "" to the Complainants, "because it is clear from the correspondence from the Respondent and Rattan Singh Mahon to the Complainants� lawyers that the Respondent and Rattan Singh Mahon are acting together and are inextricably linked to one another in this matter". Further, by virtue of the widespread use and reputation of the MTV EXTRA trademark, the Complainants contend that it is inconceivable that the Respondent registered the domain name without knowledge of the Complainant�s rights in and to the MTV EXTRA trade mark. Additionally, in light of the leading UK cases in this field (the decision of the High Court and Court of Appeal in the case of British Telecommunications plc v One in a Million Limited and others; and the decision of Britannia Building Society v Prangley & ORS), the Complainants submit that the UK Courts would find that the Respondent�s registration of the domain name represents actionable passing off and trade mark infringement. Further, the Complainants contend that, by reference to Paragraph 4(b)(iii) of the Uniform Policy, the Respondent registered the domain name primarily for the purpose of disrupting the business of the Complainants. Finally, the Complainants contend that, by reference to Paragraph 4(b)(iv) of the Uniform Policy, the Respondent, by using the domain name, has intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to his prototype web site or other on-line locations, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the Complainants� mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of his prototype website or locations, or of a product or service on his prototype website or locations.
The Response
5.5. The Respondent contends that he had no knowledge of the Complainants� activities. In particular, the Respondent contends that his own research establishes that "there is no evidence of the complainants �million pound advertising campaign�" for the MTV EXTRA channel, and that the number of subscribers to that channel at the time of the domain name registration "was less than 1 million", this being "insignificant".
5.6. The Respondent contends that he registered the domain name because it was an acronym for his University project titled "Mobile Telephone & Videophone Extra", and that he then established a corporate identity under that name and used it to the extent that he has been commonly known as "Mobile Telephone & Videophone Extra".
5.7. The Respondent further contends that he did not offer to sell the domain name to the Complainants. In particular, the Respondent states:
"It is also important to clarify that I did never offer to sell the domain name, although Rattan Mahon and myself are working on the site together his actions should not be confused with my actions."
6. Discussion and Findings
Domain Name Identical or Confusingly Similar to Complainants� Mark
6.1. The initial question to resolve is whether the Complainants have rights in a trademark or service mark to which the Uniform Policy applies. The Complainants have not established to the satisfaction of this Administrative Panel that they have, or either of them has, a trademark or service mark registration for the name MTV EXTRA. It is, however, clear that the Uniform Policy is not limited to a "registered" mark; an unregistered, or common law, mark is sufficient for the purposes of Paragraph 4(a)(i). The Complainants provided evidence to establish that they provide programmed television services under the name MTV EXTRA, and that they have a reputation in those services such that members of the public would associate those services with the Complainants and not with others not authorised by the Complainants to use that name. Accordingly, the Complainants have established to the satisfaction of this Administrative Panel that the name MTV EXTRA is an unregistered service mark in which the Complainants have common law rights. Thus, this Administrative Panel finds that the Complainants have rights in a service mark to which the Uniform Policy applies.
6.2. In relation to the domain name "", the relevant part of this domain name is "mtvextra". This Administrative Panel finds that this part of the domain name is identical to the Complainants� service mark MTV EXTRA (the absence of a space in the domain name being of no significance).
Respondent�s Rights or Legitimate Interests in the Domain Name
6.3. The Respondent has purported to provide evidence of the circumstances of the types specified in paragraphs 4(c)(i), (ii) and (iii) of the Uniform Policy, being circumstances which demonstrate a right or legitimate interest in the domain name. However, there are ambiguities and inconsistencies in the Respondent�s evidence, as follows.
6.4. In paragraph 2 of the Response, the Respondent stated that "my project/company began September 1999 (without knowledge of the complainants activities)". In paragraph 6 it is stated:
"It is logically clear , as explained in my correspondences and from Annex�s A, B and D, that since October 1999 Rattan Mahon and myself used and worked on MTVBASE and MTVEXTRA. In November 2000 we decided to take our projects one step further and to register the name on the web. After spending the Christmas semester break at friends houses, informing them of our entrepreneurial aspirations, I was told of Sky Digital Television for the first time. It was towards news years 29/30 December that I was informed, by fellow students that my project title was similar to the complainants MTV EXTRA name. It is very important to get on (sic) matter clear, I did not send any emails to the client, therefore, any actions Rattan Mahon took should not be confused with my intentions or action. I opposed his action of trying to contact the complainant as I knew it would cause problems. But I can confirm that Rattans intentions of contacting the complainants was not to �sell� his domain name but to inquire of any foreseeable problems. There never was a third party involved, we were both shocked at the complainants threats." (emphasis added)
6.5. Up to the italicised words, the contents of paragraph 6 of the Response are identical to paragraph 6 in the Response of Rattan Singh Mahon in WIPO Case D2000-1440 in respect of the domain name "". Indeed, apart from the italicised words (which substitute for an account of Rattan Singh Mahon�s emails to the Second Complainant), the words quoted in paragraph 5.7 above, and the changing of "mtvbase" to "mtvextra", the entirety of the Response of the Respondent in this case is identical to the Response of Rattan Singh Mahon in WIPO Case D2000-1440. In paragraph 6 of the Response of Rattan Singh Mahon, reference is made to two emails from him to the Second Complainant in both cases, alleged originals of which were contained at Annex L to that Response. As discussed in paragraphs 6.5 of the Decision of the Administrative Panel in WIPO Case D2000-1440, the Administrative Panel in that case found that those alleged original emails were not authentic.
6.6. From the context of this paragraph it appears that the reference in the second sentence to "November 2000" is a mistake, and is intended to be "November 1999". It also appears that the reference to the undated "news year 29/30 December" is a reference to that period in 1999. There are, however, discrepancies in the Respondent�s assertions about his activities which are not so easily explained. In paragraph 3 of the Response, the Respondent states that "Annex B is a business plan for the proposed business � [which was] part of my university timetable of 1999 �[and which was] in progress or had been completed and submitted to mark before notice of any dispute". The document at Annex B is undated, and contains no indication that it was produced as part of any university course of study. Moreover, one page of that document is a curriculum vitae of the Respondent, part of which states:
"Education
Sep 00 � Present
ADT College, London
Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)"
6.7. The reference to period "Sep 00 � Present" is strongly indicative of the fact that this page, and thus the whole document of which it allegedly formed an integral part, was produced at some time after September, 2000, and so well after both the university subject for which it allegedly was produced and the giving of notice of this dispute to the Respondent by way of the Complainants� solicitors communications of March 6, 2000. If this is in fact the case, then the Respondent, like Rattan Singh Mahon, has annexed documents to the Response that are not authentic.
6.8. Equally problematic, in the mind of this Administrative Panel, is that fact that the contents of the alleged project document set out at Annex B does not in fact describe a project consistent with the Respondent�s assertions. In his letters to the Complainants� solicitors of March 20, 2000 (contained at Annex K to the Response), the Respondent describes his project as "going to incorporate mainly news and information for Mobile phones, Landline Telephones and new video phones". In the document at Annex B, there are some passing references to the words "" and "", but there are no references of substance to the alleged subject matter of the project (that is, mobile phones, landline telephones and video phones). Rather, the substance of the document is business plan for a generic e-commerce site. There is, however, a specific reference to providing clothes shopping services, as the following discussion under the heading "3. Business Concept � How the Service Works" indicates:
"Users will have the opportunity to use our cutting edge 3D mannequin technology. Online shoppers may type in height, weight, bust, and waist size, skin color, and other personal details, and seconds later their own image pops up, ready to try on clothes. Users can drag and drop clothes on their personalized mannequin to mix and match outfits. All products in three-dimension can be rotated for a closer look, right down to the stitching on a sweater."
6.9. In addition, there is an unexplained inconsistency in the evidence provided by the Respondent in support of his assertion of having established a corporate identity under the names "mtv " and "". Annex D purports to contain true copies of correspondence to and from the Respondent, using the alleged corporate identity. The earliest of the communications purporting to support the existence of this identity is a letter from the Respondent, on letterhead bearing the words "MTVEXTRA" and "Mobile Telephone and Videophone Extra", dated "Wednesday, 18 October 1999". It is worthy of note that the 18th day of October in 1999 was a Monday (a fact not inconsistent with the likelihood that this correspondence, and some or all of the other correspondence produced by the Respondent, is not authentic).
6.10. In light of all of the above, this Administrative Panel finds that the Respondent does not have a right or legitimate interest in the domain name in issue.
Domain Name Registered and Used in Bad Faith
6.11. The communications of Rattan Singh Mahon with the Second Complainant, as discussed in paragraph 4.10 above, are strongly suggestive of Rattan Singh Mahon registering the domain name "" primarily for the purpose of selling it to one of the Complainants for sum in excess of his out of pocket expenses. In the case of that domain name (WIPO Case D2000-1440), Rattan Singh Mahon admitted that he falsely referred to a sale of the "" domain name to a third party so as to "grab the attention" of the Second Complainant. That action, and Rattan Singh Mahon�s enquiry of the Second Complainant�s interest in purchasing the domain name ("would you (MTV) be interested in purchasing the URL?") are both consistent with a conclusion that Rattan Singh Mahon registered the domain name "" primarily for the purpose of selling it to one of the Complainants for sum in excess of his out of pocket expenses. Rattan Singh Mahon�s contention that he did so only "to see if there would be any problems" (presumably, problems with the Respondent holding the registration) is simply unbelievable.
6.12. The Respondent in this case has admitted that he and Rattan Singh Mahon were acting in concert in their actions in relation to the domain names "" and "", as did Rattan Singh Mahon in the WIPO Case D2000-1440. The Respondent in this case, however, has asserted that he "did never offer to sell the domain name, although Rattan Mahon and myself are working on the site together", arguing that Rattan Singh Mahon�s actions "should not be confused with my actions". This Administrative Panel takes a different view. In particular, it concludes that the actions of Rattan Singh Mahon provide a very clear indication of the intentions of the Respondent. When these intentions are considered in the light of the fact that it is highly likely that the Respondent was aware of the Complainants� trademark MTV EXTRA by virtue of the Second Complainant�s TV channel operated under that name, and in the light of the ambiguities, inconsistencies, and likely inauthentic documentation produced by the Respondent as identified in paragraphs 6.4-6.9 above, this Administrative Panel concludes that the Respondent did register the domain name in issue primarily for the purpose of selling it to one or both of the Complainants, for a sum in excess of his out of pocket expenses in registering the domain. Consequently, this Administrative Panel finds that the Respondent has engaged in conduct of the type specified in Paragraph 4(b)(i) of the Uniform Policy. Accordingly, this Administrative Panel finds that the Respondent has registered and is using the domain name "" in bad faith.
7. Decision
7.1. This Administrative Panel decides that the Complainants have proven each of the three elements in paragraph 4(a) of the Uniform Policy in relation to the domain name the subject of this Complaint.
7.2. Pursuant to paragraph 4(i) of the Uniform Policy and paragraph 15 of the Uniform Rules, and in accordance with the request of the Complainants contained in paragraph 15 of the Complaint, this Administrative Panel requires that the Registrar, Internet Names Worldwide, a division of Melbourne IT Limited, transfer to the Complainants, Viacom International Inc. and MTV Networks Europe, the domain name "".
Andrew F. Christie
Sole Panelist
Dated: December 22, 2000
Full & Egal Universal Law Academy