The Complainant is Goyard St-Honore of Paris, France, represented by Cabinet Granger, France.
The Respondent is Hello world, zhang san of Fuzhou, Fujian, China. 2. The Domain Name and Registrar
The disputed domain name (the “Disputed Domain Name”) is registered with HiChina Zhicheng Technology Ltd. (the “Registrar”). 3. Procedural History
The Complaint was filed with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the “Center”) on March 7, 2013. On March 7, 2013, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the Disputed Domain Name. On March 8, 2013, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response confirming that the Respondent is listed as the registrant and providing the contact details. On March 11, 2013, the Center transmitted an email to the parties in both Chinese and English language regarding the language of proceeding. On the same day, the Complainant confirmed its request that English be the language of proceeding, and the Respondent sent an email communication to the Center. On March 15, 2013, the Respondent requested that Chinese be the language of proceeding.
The Center verified that the Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy” or “UDRP”), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Supplemental Rules”).
In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2(a) and 4(a), the Center formally notified the Respondent of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on March 18, 2013. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5(a), the due date for Response was April 7, 2013. On April 7, 2013, the Respondent sent an email communication to the Center. The Respondent did not submit any formal response. Accordingly, the Center notified the parties of the proceeding update on April 9, 2013.
The Center appointed Peter J. Dernbach as the sole panelist in this matter on April 15, 2013. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. 4. Factual Background
The Complainant is a French luxury luggage and trunk maker who designs, manufactures and markets luxury goods including hand bags, wallets, purses, luggage, trunks, etc. The Complainant is the owner of numerous registered trademarks for GOYARD, inter alia, Taiwan Trade Mark Registration No. 1305141 GOYARD in classes 18 and 25 and Hong Kong Trade Mark Registration No. 300402515 GOYARD in class 3, 14, 16, 18, 24, 25, 34.
According to WhoIs data, the Respondent is Hello world, zhang san. The Disputed Domain Name was registered on June 5, 2012.
The Registrar confirmed, in its email of March 8, 2013, that the Registration Agreement for the Disputed Domain Name is in Chinese.
At the time of this decision, the Disputed Domain Name redirects to a web site under . 5. Parties’ Contentions A. Complainant
The Complainant’s contentions could be summarized as follows:
(i) The Disputed Domain Name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights.
The Disputed Domain Name incorporates the Complainant’s GOYARD trademark in its entirety. The additional features to the Disputed Domain Name are only descriptive words such as “bags” and “online” and the generic Top Level Domain, “.net”. These cannot be considered sufficient to avoid confusion between the Disputed Domain Name and the Complainant’s trademark.
(ii) The Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Disputed Domain Name.
The Respondent has no relationship with the Complainant nor has it been authorized to use the GOYARD trademark in any fashion. There is no indication in the WhoIs database that the Respondent is known under the Disputed Domain Name or the GOYARD trademark. The Complainant states that the Respondent sells counterfeit goods bearing the GOYARD trademark on the web site to which the Disputed Domain Name resolves and thus is not using the Disputed Domain Name with a bona fide offering of goods or a fair use of the Disputed Domain Name without the intent for the commercial gain. Therefore, the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Disputed Domain Name.
(iii) The Disputed Domain Name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
The Respondent chose to incorporate the GOYARD trademark as the only distinctive word of the Disputed Domain Name. According to the web site to which the Disputed Domain Name resolves, the goods offered for sale herein all bear the GOYARD device trademark and are counterfeit. The Respondent registered the Disputed Domain Name with the knowledge of the Complainant and its GOYARD trademark.
The Complainant manufactures its goods in France in its own factories, controls the entire marketing process of such goods and has no licensees. The Complainant does not sell its products on the Internet. The Respondent intentionally attempted to attract for commercial gain, Internet users to its web site to which the Disputed Domain Name resolves, by creating confusion with the Complainant’s mark as to the source and/or affiliation of the Respondent’s web site and goods. B. Respondent
The Respondent sent an email communication to the Center on March 11, 2013 and claims that it has an official licensed seller certification. The Respondent did not submit any formal Response to the Complaint nor any subsequent allegations or evidence and has merely stated that the web site to which the Disputed Domain Name resolves is closed in its email of April 7, 2013 to the Center. 6. Language of Proceeding
Paragraph 11(a) of the Rules provides that “[u]nless otherwise agreed by the Parties, or specified otherwise in the Registration Agreement, the language of the administrative proceeding shall be the language of the Registration Agreement, subject to the authority of the Panel to determine otherwise, having regard to the circumstances of the administrative proceeding.”
The Rules allow the Panel to determine the language of the proceeding having regard to all the circumstances. In particular, it is established practice to take paragraphs 10(b) and (c) of the Rules into consideration for the purpose of determining the language of the proceeding. In other words, it is important to ensure fairness to the parties and the maintenance of an inexpensive and expeditious avenue for resolving domain name disputes. (Whirlpool Corporation, Whirlpool Properties, Inc. v. Hui'erpu (HK) electrical appliance co. ltd., WIPO Case No. D2008-0293). The language finally decided by the Panel for the proceeding should not be prejudicial to either one of the parties in his or her abilities to articulate the arguments for the case. (Groupe Auchan v. xmxzl,WIPO Case No. DCC2006-0004). WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Second Edition (“WIPO Overview 2.0”) further states: “in certain situations, where the respondent can apparently understand the language of the complaint (or having been given a fair chance to object has not done so), and the complainant would be unfairly disadvantaged by being forced to translate, the WIPO Center as a provider may accept the language of the complaint, even if it is different from the language of the registration agreement”. (See paragraph 4.3 of WIPO Overview 2.0).
The Complainant requested that the language of the proceeding be English. The Respondent requested that the language of the proceeding be Chinese. Despite the fact that the language of the Registration Agreement for the Disputed Domain Name is Chinese, the Panel notes the following facts:
(i) The content shown on the web site under the Disputed Domain Name is in English.
(ii) The Respondent’s business at the web site is conducted in English.
Given these facts, the Panel is satisfied that the Respondent has sufficient familiarity with English that the Respondent should be able to understand the language of the Complaint. It will not be prejudicial to the Respondent in their abilities to articulate the arguments in English in this administrative proceeding. Meanwhile, if the language of the proceeding is Chinese, and the Complainant is required to translate the Complaint and all related evidence into Chinese, it will unnecessarily delay the administrative proceeding. In order to ensure fairness to the parties and the maintenance of an inexpensive and expeditious avenue for resolving domain name disputes, the Panel determines under paragraph 11(a) of the Rules that English shall be the language of the proceeding and the decision will be rendered in English. 7. Discussion and Findings A. Identical or Confusingly Similar
Paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy provides that “[a domain-name holder] is required to submit to a mandatory administrative proceeding in the event that [a complainant] asserts to the applicable [administrative-dispute-resolution service providers], in compliance with the Rules of Procedure, that (i) [the disputed domain dame] is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the complainant has rights[.]”
The Complainant has established that it is the owner of GOYARD trademark.
The threshold test for confusing similarity under paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy involves a comparison between the trademark and the domain name itself to determine the likelihood of confusion by Internet users. The trademark at issue generally needs to be recognizable as such within the domain name, and the addition of common, dictionary, descriptive or negative terms are typically not regarded as sufficient to prevent threshold confusion by Internet users (see paragraph 1.2 of WIPO Overview 2.0).
The Disputed Domain Name incorporates the GOYARD trademark in its entirety. The other elements incorporated into the Disputed Domain Name are descriptive or generic words such as “bags” and “online”. The GOYARD element is still immediately recognizable as the Complainant’s trademark. In the Panel’s view, the addition of other descriptive and generic terms does not mitigate the likelihood of confusion between the Disputed Domain Name and the Complainant’s GOYARD trademark. (J. Choo Limited v. Weng Huangteng,WIPO Case No. D2010-0126; J. Choo Limited v. Hui Wang aka Wang Hui,WIPO Case No. D2010-0534).
As for the applicable top-level suffix such as “.net” in the Disputed Domain Name, it is a consensus view that it may usually be disregarded under the confusing similarity test (MADRID 2012, S.A. v. Scott Martin-MadridMan Websites,WIPO Case No. D2003-0598; also see paragraph 1.2 of the WIPO Overview 2.0).
Accordingly, the Panel finds that the Disputed Domain Name is confusingly similar to the Complainant’s trademark and the condition of paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy has been fulfilled. B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy provides that “[a domain-name holder] is required to submit to a mandatory administrative proceeding in the event that [a complainant] asserts to the applicable [administrative-dispute-resolution service providers], in compliance with the Rules of Procedure, that […] (ii) [the respondent has] no rights or legitimate interest in respect of the [disputed] domain name[.]”
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy sets out the following several circumstances “[which], in particular but without limitation, if found by the Panel, shall demonstrate [the respondent’s] rights or legitimate interests to the [disputed] domain name for the purposes of Paragraph 4(a)(ii) [of the Policy]:
(i) before any notice to [the respondent] of the dispute, [the respondent’s] use of, or demonstrable preparations to use, the [disputed] domain name or a name corresponding to the [disputed] domain name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services; or
(ii) [the respondent] (as an individual, business, or other organization) [has] been commonly known by the [disputed] domain name, even if [the respondent has] acquired no trademark or service mark rights; or
(iii) [the respondent is] making a legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the disputed domain name, without intent for commercial gain to misleadingly divert consumers or to tarnish the trademark or service mark at issue.”
The consensus view of UDRP panels on the burden of proof under paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy, is summarized in paragraph 2.1 of the WIPO Overview 2.0, which states: “[…] a complainant is required to make out a prima facie case that the respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests. Once such prima facie case is made, the burden of production shifts to the respondent to come forward with appropriate allegations or evidence demonstrating rights or legitimate interests in the domain name. If a respondent fails to come forward with such appropriate allegations or evidence, a complainant is generally deemed to have satisfied paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the UDRP […]. If the respondent does come forward with some allegations or evidence of relevant rights or legitimate interest, the panel then weighs all the evidence, with the burden of proof always remaining on the complainant.”
The Complainant has established that it is the owner of GOYARD trademark and claims that the Respondent is not connected with nor affiliated to the Complainant nor is the Respondent authorized to use the GOYARD trademark to register the Disputed Domain Name or any other variations. The Complainant further contends that it controls all the manufacturing and marketing process and has no licensees.
Furthermore, GOYARD is a French family name and has no specific meaning in English or Chinese. According to the WhoIs database, there is no evidence indicating that the Respondent is commonly known by the Disputed Domain Name or the name Goyard. The Complaint also provides screenshots from the web site under the Disputed Domain Name, which establish that the Respondent sells bags and wallets on the web site therein. Therefore, the Respondent is not making a legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the Disputed Domain Name.
The Complainant also establishes that it is the owner of the GOYARD device trademark. The Panel further notes that the web site under the Disputed Domain Name shows images of bags with the GOYARD device trademark. The Complainant contends that these goods are counterfeit.
The consensus view of UDRP panels on the rights or legitimate interests of a reseller or distributor under paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy, is summarized in paragraph 2.3 of the WIPO Overview 2.0, whereby: “[n]ormally, a reseller or distributor can be making a bona fide offering of goods and services and thus have a legitimate interest in the domain name if its use meets certain requirements. These requirements normally include the actual offering of goods and services at issue, the use of the site to sell only the trademarked goods, and the site's accurately and prominently disclosing the registrant’s relationship with the trademark holder. […].” (See also, Oki Data Americas, Inc. v. ASD, Inc.,WIPO Case No. D2001-0903; National Association of Realtors v. John Fothergill,WIPO Case No. D2010-1284).
The web site under the Disputed Domain Name sells bags and wallets with the GOYARD device trademark and/or GOYARD trademark but does not actually and prominently disclose the Respondent’s relationship with the Complainant. The Panel need not decide whether the goods sold on the web sites are genuine, since the Respondent cannot claim rights or legitimate interests to the Disputed Domain Name when it fails to accurately and prominently disclose the relationship between the parties thereby confusing Internet users. (Oki Data Americas, Inc. v. ASD, Inc.,WIPO Case No. D2001-0903).
The Panel finds that the Complainant has made out a prima facie case that the Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the Disputed Domain Name. The burden of production shifts to the Respondent to come forward with appropriate allegations or evidence demonstrating rights or legitimate interests in the Disputed Domain Name.
The Respondent claims, in its email communication, that it has an official licensed seller certification but does not provide any further evidence supporting its contention. There is no evidence in the case file suggesting that the Respondent has rights or legitimate interests in the Disputed Domain Name under any conditions of the paragraph 4(c) of the Policy.
Having considered the above, the Panel finds that the Complainant has satisfied paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy. C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith
Paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy provides that “[a domain-name holder] is required to submit to a mandatory administrative proceeding in the event that [a complainant] asserts to the applicable [administrative-dispute-resolution service providers], in compliance with the Rules of Procedure, that […] (iii) [the respondent’s] domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.”
Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy explicitly states, in relevant part, that “the following circumstances, in particular but without limitation, if found by the Panel to be present, shall be evidence of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith:
(iv) by using the domain name, [the respondent has] intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to [the respondent’s] web site or other on-line location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the complainant’s mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of [the respondent’s] web site or location or of a product or service on [the respondent’s] web site or location.”
The Complainant’s GOYARD trademark has been registered in many countries around the world. The Respondent chose the GOYRAD trademark as the only distinctive part of the Disputed Domain Name. According to the screenshots of the web site under the Disputed Domain Name in Annex 44 to the Complaint, the Respondent uses the GOYARD trademark and GOYARD device trademark to sell bags and wallets. It is obvious that the Respondent registered the Disputed Domain Name with knowledge of the Complainant’s GOYARD trademark. The Respondent has not submitted any allegation or evidence suggesting that the Respondent selected the GOYARD string with other generic and descriptive words for any reason other than the reputation of the Complainant’s trademark. The Panel finds that the Disputed Domain Name has been registered in bad faith.
The Respondent uses the GOYARD trademark on the front page of the web site to which the Disputed Domain Name resolves. The web site sells bags and wallets under the GOYARD trademark and the GOYARD device trademark. There is no indication that accurately and prominently discloses the Respondent’s relationship with the Complainant. The Respondent has intentionally designed the web site under the Disputed Domain Name to create an impression to the Internet users that they are affiliated, endorsed or sponsored by the Complainant for selling its own products. The Panel finds that the Respondent uses the Disputed Domain Name in bad faith and the fact that the web site under the Disputed Domain Name now redirects to another web site does not change this fact.
Having considered the above, the Panel finds that the Disputed Domain Name has been registered and is being used in bad faith, and thus the Complainant fulfills the condition provided in paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy. 8. Decision
For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the Disputed Domain Name be transferred to the Complainant.
Peter J. Dernbach
Sole Panelist
Date: April 26, 2013
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