ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION CENTER ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited v. 黄锐 Case No. D2023-2338 1. The Parties The Complainant is Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited, Singapore, represented by CSC Digital Brand Services Group AB, Sweden. The Respondent is 黄锐, China. 2. The Domain Name and Registrar The disputed domain name is registered with DNSPod, Inc. (the "Registrar"). 3. Procedural History The Complaint was filed in English with the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the "Center") on May 31, 2023. On May 31, 2023, the Center transmitted by email to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with the disputed domain name. On June 1, 2023, the Registrar transmitted by email to the Center its verification response disclosing registrant and contact information for the disputed domain name which differed from the named Respondent (Redacted for Privacy) and contact information in the Complaint. The Center sent an email communication to the Complainant on June 2, 2023, providing the registrant and contact information disclosed by the Registrar, and inviting the Complainant to submit an amendment to the Complaint. The Complainant filed an amended Complaint in English on June 6, 2023. On June 2, 2023, the Center transmitted an email communication to the Parties in English and Chinese regarding the language of the proceeding. On June 6, 2023, the Complainant submitted a request that English be the language of the proceeding. The Respondent did not comment on the language of the proceeding. The Center verified that the Complaint together with the amended Complaint satisfied the formal requirements of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy" or "UDRP"), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules"), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Supplemental Rules"). In accordance with the Rules, paragraphs 2 and 4, the Center formally notified the Respondent in English and Chinese of the Complaint, and the proceedings commenced on June 9, 2023. In accordance with the Rules, paragraph 5, the due date for Response was June 29, 2023. The Respondent did not submit any response. Accordingly, the Center notified the Respondent's default on June 30, 2023. page 2 The Center appointed Joseph Simone as the sole panelist in this matter on July 20, 2023. The Panel finds that it was properly constituted. The Panel has submitted the Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence, as required by the Center to ensure compliance with the Rules, paragraph 7. 4. Factual Background The Complainant, Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited, is the longest established Singapore bank, formed in 1932 from the merger of three local banks, the oldest of which was founded in 1912. It is now the second largest financial services group in Southeast Asia by assets and one of the world's most highly-rated banks. The Complainant has an extensive global portfolio of OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES trade marks, including the following: - Singapore Trade Mark Registration No. T1008252G for OCBC SECURITIES in Classes 9, 16, 35 and 36, registered on May 3, 2011; - China Trade Mark Registration No. 649970 for OCBC in Class 16, registered on July 14, 1993; and - European Union Trade Mark Registration No. 000077073 for OCBC in Classes 9, 16, 35 and 36, registered on October 23, 1998. The disputed domain name was registered on June 27, 2021. The Complainant's evidence indicates that at the time of filing of the Complaint, the disputed domain name did not resolve to any active website. 5. Parties' Contentions A. Complainant The Complainant asserts that it has prior rights in the OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES trade marks and that it has acquired a strong reputation in its field of business. The Complainant further notes that the disputed domain name registered by the Respondent is confusingly similar to the Complainant's OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES trade marks. The Complainant asserts that it has not authorized the Respondent to use its OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES marks, and there is no evidence to suggest that the Respondent has used, or undertaken any demonstrable preparations to use, the disputed domain name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services. The Complainant further asserts that, considering the evidence, it is implausible that the Respondent registered the disputed domain name in good faith, and that any use of the disputed domain name must be in bad faith. B. Respondent The Respondent did not reply to the Complainant's contentions. page 3 6. Discussion and Findings 6.1. Preliminary Issue: Language of the Proceeding In accordance with paragraph 11(a) of the Rules: "[.] the language of the administrative proceeding shall be the language of the Registration Agreement, subject to the authority of the Panel to determine otherwise, having regard to the circumstances of the administrative proceeding." In this case, the language of the Registration Agreement for the disputed domain name is Chinese. Hence, the default language of the proceeding should be Chinese. However, the Complainant filed the Complaint in English, and requested that English be the language of the proceeding, for the following main reasons: - Requiring Chinese as the language of the proceeding would cause delays that will pose continuing risks to the Complainant and unsuspecting consumers seeking the Complainant or its products; - The marks OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES, the latter of which is the dominant portion of the disputed domain name, do not carry any specific meaning in the Chinese language; and - Pursuant to paragraph 11(a) of the Rules, the Panel may determine the language of the proceedings, having regard to all circumstances, and to help ensure fairness, and maintain an inexpensive and expeditious avenue for resolving domain name disputes. The Respondent was notified in both Chinese and English of the language of the proceeding and the commencement of the proceeding and did not comment on the language of the proceeding or submit any response in either Chinese or English. Considering the circumstances of this case, the Panel has determined that the language of the proceeding shall be English, and as such, the Panel has issued this decision in English. The Panel further finds that such determination should not cause any prejudice to either Party and should ensure that the proceeding takes place with due expedition. 6.2. Substantive Elements A. Identical or Confusingly Similar The Panel acknowledges that the Complainant has established rights in the OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES trade marks. Disregarding the generic Top-Level Domain ("gTLD") ".com", the disputed domain name incorporates the Complainant's trade mark OCBC SECURITIES in its entirety. The Panel therefore finds that the Complainant has satisfied the requirements of paragraph 4(a)(i) of the Policy in establishing its rights in the OCBC SECURITIES trade mark and in showing that the disputed domain name is identical or confusingly similar to its mark. B. Rights or Legitimate Interests Pursuant to paragraph 4(c) of the Policy, a complainant is required to establish a prima facie case that the respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. Once such prima facie case has been established, the respondent bears the burden of producing evidence in support of its rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. If the respondent fails to do so, the complainant may be page 4 deemed to have satisfied paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy. See WIPO Overview of WIPO Panel Views on Selected UDRP Questions, Third Edition ("WIPO Overview 3.0"), section 2.1. The Complainant asserts that it has not authorized the Respondent to use its trade marks and there is no evidence to suggest that the Respondent has used, or undertaken any demonstrable preparations to use, the disputed domain name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services. As such, the Complainant has established its prima facie case with satisfactory evidence. The Respondent did not file a response and has failed to demonstrate that prior to the notice of the dispute, he or she used or made preparations to use the disputed domain name in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services. There is also no evidence showing that the Respondent is commonly known by the disputed domain name or that the Respondent is making legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the disputed domain name. At the time of filing of the Complaint, the disputed domain name did not resolve to an active website. As such, the Respondent has failed to rebut the Complainant's prima facie showing of the Respondent's lack of rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name, and none of the circumstances of paragraph 4(c) of the Policy is applicable in this case. Accordingly, and based on the Panel's findings below, the Panel finds that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name pursuant to paragraph 4(a)(ii) of the Policy. C. Registered and Used in Bad Faith Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy states that any of the following circumstances in particular, but without limitation, shall be considered as evidence of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith: (i) circumstances indicating that the respondent registered or acquired the domain name primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name registration to the complainant (the owner of the trade mark or service mark) or to a competitor of that complainant, for valuable consideration in excess of the respondent's documented out-of-pocket costs directly related to the domain name; or (ii) circumstances indicating that the respondent registered the domain name in order to prevent the owner of the trade mark or service mark from reflecting the mark in a corresponding domain name, provided that the respondent has engaged in a pattern of such conduct; or (iii) circumstances indicating that the respondent has registered the domain name primarily for the purpose of disrupting the business of a competitor; or (iv) circumstances indicating that the respondent is using the domain name to intentionally attempt to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to its website or other online location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the complainant's mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of the respondent's website or location or of a product or service on its website or location. For reasons discussed under this and the preceding heading, the Panel believes that the Respondent's conduct in this case constitutes bad faith registration and use of the disputed domain name. When the Respondent registered the disputed domain name, the OCBC and OCBC SECURITIES trade marks were already known and directly associated with the Complainant's activities. Given the prior use and fame of the Complainant's marks, in the Panel's view, the Respondent knew or should have been aware of the Complainant's marks when registering the disputed domain name and ultimately the Respondent intentionally targeted the Complainant when registering the disputed domain name. page 5 While the disputed domain name does not resolve to an active website, the doctrine of passive holding provides that the non-use of the domain name does not necessarily prevent a finding of bad faith. See WIPO Overview 3.0, section 3.3. Accordingly, given the reputation and prior use of the Complainant's marks, the disputed domain name is identical to the Complainant's OCBC SECURITIES mark, and the implausibility of any good faith use that the disputed domain name may be put, the current passive holding of the disputed domain name does not prevent a finding of bad faith. The Panel thus finds that the Respondent registered and is using the disputed domain name in bad faith. 7. Decision For the foregoing reasons, in accordance with paragraphs 4(i) of the Policy and 15 of the Rules, the Panel orders that the disputed domain name be transferred to the Complainant. /Joseph Simone/ Joseph Simone Sole Panelist Date: July 31, 2023
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